Grethe Myklebust

• Amundsen, Roar; Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; McKay, Carly; Gjesdal, Siv; Grindem, Hege & Myklebust, Grethe [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). The Development, Validation and Reliability of the Sports Injury Prevention Behavior Determinants Questionnaire. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. ISSN 0905-7188. 36(7). doi: 10.1111/sms.70329. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  ABSTRACT Valid data on behavioral determinants are essential to enhance adherence to injury prevention (IP) programs. This study reports the development and validation of the Sports Injury Prevention Behavior Determinants Questionnaire for youth handball and football players (12–17 years) and their coaches. Using the Health Action Process Approach framework, we followed consensus‐based guidelines, including conceptualisation, focus groups, cognitive interviews, and a cross‐sectional study for both players and coaches. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability testing, and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed for the coach questionnaire only. Focus groups identified training load management, pain and injury management, and injury prevention training as key IP elements. These were integrated with relevant HAPA constructs during item development and refined through cognitive interviews. A cross‐sectional study (337 coaches, 528 players) and CFA informed the final coach version, which was subsequently evaluated using a test–retest design. PCA included 59 coaches while the reliability analysis included 45 due to drop out. Intraclass correlation coefficients indicated good reliability (> 0.75) for all constructs in the coach questionnaire, although self‐efficacy constructs showed small systematic differences (≤ 0.04; 95% CI 0.00 to 0.06). PCA led to minor refinements of the questionnaire. The Sports Injury Prevention Behavior Determinants Questionnaire is the first validated tool to assess IP behavioral determinants in youth handball and football coaches, with applicability across team sports. The player version followed the initial steps to ensure good face and content validity but requires refinement based on CFA and further reliability testing and PCA.

• Heiestad, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe; Bahr, Roald & Moseid, Christine Holm (2026). Implementing Prep to be PRO - Bridging the gap between design and delivery. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. ISSN 1440-2440. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2026.04.021. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Leppänen, Mari; Jarske, Heidi; Krosshaug, Tron; Myklebust, Grethe; Vasankari, Tommi & Parkkari, Jari [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2026). No Association Between Anatomic Factors and Non-Contact ACL Injury Risk in 217 Female Team Sport Players: A Prospective 4.5-Year Study. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. ISSN 0905-7188. 36(5). doi: 10.1111/sms.70290. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heming, Emily E.; Gibson, Eric S.; Friesen, Kenzie B.; Martin, Chelsea L.; Martin, Maitland & Asker, Martin [Vis alle 21 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Prevention strategies and modifiable risk factors for upper extremity injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis for the Female, woman and/or girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 59(22), s. 1587–1598. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-109907. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objectives: To examine injury prevention strategies and potentially modifiable risk factors (MRFs) for upper extremity (UE) injuries in female, woman and/or girl athletes (female/woman/girl). Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis, semiquantitative analyses and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Data sources: MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), APA PsycINFO (American Psychological Association Psychological Information Database), SPORTDiscus (Sports Discus Database), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica Database), and ERIC (Education Resources Information Center) (30 October 2023) and Cochrane Systematic Review Database and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (25 November 2023). Eligibility: Primary data studies with comparison group(s) assessing the association of prevention strategies and/or MRFs for sport-related UE injury, with ≥1 female/woman/girl in each study group. Results: 55 studies (n=20 intervention, n=35 MRF) were included with 33 228 athletes (8642 female/woman/girl; 26%). Of these, 17 (31%) reported female/woman/girl-specific estimates and included five injury locations (n=3 general UE, n=12 shoulder, n=3 elbow, n=3 wrist/hand). One prevention strategy (n=5 shoulder-specific exercise programmes) and seven MRFs were identified, including less range of motion (n=6), less shoulder muscle strength (n=8), high training load (n=1), presence of scapular dyskinesis (n=3), high sport specialisation (n=2), equipment differences (n=1) and less sport-specific conditioning (n=1). Pooled data from three studies suggest that shoulder exercise programmes consisting of strength, stability/control and sport-specific exercises reduce shoulder injury rates by 51% (95% CI 0.30 to 079; I2 0.0%; very-low certainty evidence) across paediatric (≤18 years) and adult handball and volleyball players. Conclusions: Our understanding of female/woman/girl UE injury prevention is limited by heterogeneity across injury outcomes, interventions, MRFs and limited female/woman/girl athlete-specific data. Shoulder-specific strengthening and stability exercise programmes may be beneficial to reduce shoulder injury rates in female/woman/girl handball and volleyball players. Future research should prioritise female/woman/girl athletes to reduce the burden of UE injuries.

• Bullock, Garrett S.; Räisänen, Anu M.; Martin, Chelsea; Martin, Maitland; Galarneau, Jean Michel & Whittaker, Jackie L. [Vis alle 32 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Prevention strategies for lower extremity injury: a systematic review and meta-analyses for the Female, woman and/or girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 59(22), s. 1575–1586. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-109910. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: Examine the effectiveness and unintended consequences of prevention strategies for reducing female/woman/girl athletes’ lower extremity (LE) injuries. Design: Systematic review with meta-analyses and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Data sources: Systematic search of eight data sources. Eligibility: Primary data studies with a comparison group(s) investigating injury prevention strategies for sport-related LE injuries with ≥1 female/woman/girl in each study group. Results: Across 82 studies—including 48 randomised controlled trials (59%), 16 quasiexperimental studies (20%), 16 cohort studies (20%) and 1 cross-sectional study (1%)—a total of 154 561 participants were included, of whom 84 915 (55%) were females/women/girls. Neuromuscular training (NMT)-based programmes (n=60, 73%) were the most frequently studied intervention, followed by personal protective equipment (PPE) (n=9, 11%), policy/rule change (n=4, 5%) and education (n=6, 7%). The median Downs and Black score for all studies was 17 (range: 5–24). Point estimate from pooled results from nine studies revealed that NMT programmes, which include LE balance, strength, agility and change of direction exercises, with a minimum dose of 10 min two times per week, reduced female/woman/girl athletes’ LE injuries by 19% (0.81, 95% CI 0.61% to 1.08%; low certainty evidence). Point estimate of pooled results from six studies uncovered that NMT reduced ankle sprains by 39% (0.61, 95% CI 0.36% to 1.03%; moderate certainty evidence). NMT significantly reduced anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries by 61% (0.39, 95% CI 0.25% to 0.60%; high certainty evidence). Conclusion: NMT programmes can reduce female/woman/girl athletes’ ACL injuries by up to 61% and ankle sprains by 39%, highlighting the need for widespread implementation of NMT programmes. Evidence informing PPE, policy/rule changes and education to prevent female/woman/girl athletes’ LE injuries is needed.

• Crossley, Kay M.; Whittaker, Jackie L.; Patterson, Brooke; Shill, Isla J.; Heming, Emily E. & Bullock, Garrett S. [Vis alle 25 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Female, woman and/or girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) practical recommendations: International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus meeting held in Lausanne, Switzerland, 2025. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 59, s. 1546–1559. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110889. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Female, woman and/or girl athletes’ sport participation rates are rising and associated with high injury rates and burden. Using best-practice consensus methodology, we developed recommendations to guide injury prevention for female/woman/girl athletes. The Female/woman/girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) International Olympic Committee Consensus meeting was held from 31 March to 2 April 2025 (Lausanne, Switzerland). The FAIR Consensus followed an eight-step hybrid method. 109 authors from six continents conducted: (1) systematic reviews synthesising evidence on injury prevention strategies and modifiable risk factors for lower-extremity and upper-extremity injuries, concussions and spine/chest/abdominal/pelvic injuries/pain, (2) a scoping review synthesising dissemination and implementation (D&I) approaches; and (3) a concept mapping project generating knowledge on gender/sex-related factors for injury prevention. These projects underpinned draft recommendations subsequently voted on by a steering committee (n=24) and an external advisory committee chair over two anonymous survey rounds. Recommendations, Round 1 voting results and suggestions/dissenting comments were discussed between Round 1 and 2 voting. Consensus was defined as ‘critical to include’ (≥70% scored recommendation as 7–9 (9-point Likert scale, 1=not important; 9=critically important) AND ≤15% scored recommendation as 1–3). The 56 FAIR recommendations address: primary injury prevention (n=16) (policy/rules/laws=6; personal protective equipment=8; training=2); secondary injury prevention (n=4); modifiable risk factors (n=12); approaches to D&I (n=14); and promoting gender/sex-supportive environments (n=10). The FAIR Consensus informs evidence-based best practices and policy for injury prevention, approaches to implementation and creation of supportive environments for female/woman/girl athletes. Every person at all levels of sport can, and should, take responsibility for actions that positively influence female/woman/girl athlete health and safety.

• Myklebust, Grethe; Nergaard, Kristine & Møller, Merete (2025). Sports Injury Patterns and Economic Consequences Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Study of Norwegian Sports From 2017 to 2020 Using Insurance Data. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. ISSN 0905-7188. 35(10). doi: 10.1111/sms.70155. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Understanding injury rates and costs is crucial for targeted prevention, yet data across sports remain sparse. Furthermore, information on the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on injuries across sports is limited. This study aimed to describe injury incidence rates, injured body regions, costs, and mean cost per 1000 athlete year across different sports before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The study analyzed insurance data from licensed Norwegian athletes aged 13–50 years participating in football, handball, athletics, gymnastics, and swimming over a four‐year period (2017–2020). Injury incidence rates, body region, costs, and mean cost per 1000 athlete year, as well as differences in injury rates between sports, sex, age groups, before and during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic were analyzed. Over the full study period, the highest injury incidence rates were found in athletics, followed by handball, compared to football, gymnastics, and swimming. Lower extremity injuries accounted for the highest incidence rates and costs across sports. Surgical interventions in handball and football accounted for more than half of the costs. Over one fifth of injuries in gymnastics led to permanent medical impairment. During the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the number of licensed athletes and incidence rates decreased, except for athletics, which experienced an increase in both. The findings highlight the need for targeted injury prevention measures, particularly in athletics and for lower extremity injuries in handball and football. The fact that one in five injuries in gymnastics resulted in medical impairment is a cause for concern. The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on sports participation and injury incidence underscores the influence of external factors on sports‐related injuries.

• Whittaker, Jackie L.; Räisänen, Anu M.; Martin, Chelsea; Galarneau, Jean Michel; Martin, Maitland & Losciale, Justin M. [Vis alle 32 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Modifiable risk factors for lower-extremity injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis for the Female, woman and/or girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 59(21), s. 1499–1513. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-109902. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Christian; Myklebust, Grethe; Munkvold, Emilie Christina; Hägglund, Martin; Bahr, Roald & Møller, Merete [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Why does it work? Proposed biomedical effect mechanisms of exercise-based injury prevention programmes in football (soccer) and handball: a scoping review of 104 studies. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 59(20), s. 1435–1442. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-109802. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective To describe the proposed biomedical effect mechanisms in research on exercise-based injury prevention programmes in football (soccer) and handball. Design Scoping review of randomised controlled trials (RCT), cohort studies and case studies. Data sources MEDLINE via PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science databases were searched from 2000 to 2024. Eligibility criteria Studies were included if they described exercise-based injury prevention programmes in football (soccer) or handball and provided a biomedical rationale or proposition of effect mechanisms. Peer-reviewed studies of all ages and both sexes at elite, subelite or amateur level were eligible. Results We included 104 studies (78 RCTs, 25 cohort studies, 1 case study) with sample sizes ranging from 10 to 4556 participants. Most studies (83%) were published after 2010, and interventions were reported to have an effect in 82% of the studies. Four main themes emerged describing the proposed effect mechanisms: neuromuscular control (47%), strength (39%), range of motion (11%) and physical fitness (3%). Definitions of key terms related to the intervention were provided in only 19% of studies, measurements of specific biomedical effect mechanisms were conducted in just 59% of studies. Conclusion Neuromuscular control and strength were the predominant proposed effect mechanisms for injury prevention programmes in football and handball. To better establish effect mechanisms of exercise-based interventions, future research should consistently define key terms related to the interventions and strive to identify and test causal mechanisms to optimise injury prevention programmes.

• Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; McKay, Carly M.; Gjesdal, Siv; Grindem, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe & Bjørndal, Christian Thue [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). What lies behind injury prevention behaviour in youth handball and football? A cross-sectional nationwide study of behavioural constructs in 865 coaches and players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. ISSN 1440-2440. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2025.10.009. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hausken-Sutter, Solveig; Moen, Christian; Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; Bjørndal, Christian Thue; Myklebust, Grethe & Møller, Merete [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). #Utviklingsklar: a club-based intervention to develop plans and practices for injury prevention in youth sport-acceptability, practicality, possibilities and challenges among club leaders, coaches and workshop leaders. BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. 11(4). doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002766. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Effective youth sport injury interventions exist, but their use in applied settings is limited by low coach adherence and lack of contextual adaptation. To address this, the #Utviklingsklar intervention was developed, a club-based intervention for youth handball and football, based on interdisciplin …

• Tingelstad, Lars; Raastad, Truls; Myklebust, Grethe; Andersen, Thor Einar; Solstad, Bård Erlend & Bugten, Jesper Barth [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Age and Sex Differences in Physical Performance Among Adolescent Team Sport Athletes. European Journal of Sport Science (EJSS). ISSN 1746-1391. 25(5). doi: 10.1002/ejsc.12284. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The study aimed to explore the differences in physical performance characteristics across various age groups (U14, U16, and U18) and sexes in adolescent team sport athletes. 473 adolescent Norwegian football and handball players were recruited for anthropometrical and physical performance testing. Performance improved with age in both boys and girls, showing significant differences between age categories. Across all tests, boys outperformed girls, and the sex difference doubled from U14 to U16, such as −5.1% to −10.3% for 30 m sprint, −5.6% to −9.8% for change of direction (CoD), 11% to 21% for countermovement jump (CMJ), and from 5% to 16% for relative strength. No further increase in differences between sexes was observed in the U18 age group. All age groups showed substantial intragroup variability in physical performance tests and anthropometric measures. The main findings from the study were increased sex differences from U14 to U16, but no further increase in sex difference from U16 to U18s as well as considerable individual variation in performance. Girls, maturing earlier than boys and showing less physical performance development, may benefit from earlier introduction to strength training to boost their physical development. Moreover, the considerable individual variation underscores the need for tailored individualized programs.

• Møller, Merete; Myklebust, Grethe; Möller, S.; Wedderkopp, N.; Lind, M. & Nielsen, R.O. (2025). Handball playing volume and knee injury risk in youth handball: the influence of sex. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. ISSN 1440-2440. 28, s. 365–369. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2025.01.013. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objectives To investigate if sex modifies the association between change in weekly handball volume and knee injury risk in youth handball players. Design Prospective cohort study. Methods 679 players aged 14-18 reported weekly on any new handball-related knee injury and handball volume (training and competition hours) over 31 weeks through the SMS, phone and medical examination system. Weekly handball volume was categorized based on changes relative to the exponentially weighted moving average of handball volume the preceding four weeks: (1) less than 20% increase or decrease (reference group), (2) 20% and 60% increase and (3) increase greater than 60%. Players indicated their sex as a part of their baseline survey, identifying as either a female player or male player. Results Female players who increased their weekly handball volume by over 60 % had a knee injury risk of 31.2 % (95% confidence interval: 21.6–40.8 %) the following week compared to female players who increased their handball volume below 20 %, which was higher than that in male players whose risk was 10.5 % (95 % confidence interval: 2.1–18.8 %) corresponding to a risk difference of 20.6 %-points (95 % confidence interval: 6.5–34.6 %-points). Conclusions Female handball players aged 14–18 years were more susceptible to a handball-related knee injury following weeks with large increases in handball volume compared with age-identical males, suggesting a previously unexplored association between sex-related differences in load tolerance and knee injury risk that warrant further investigation. The provided cut points for increases in handball volume should be interpreted and used with caution.

• Pasanen, Kati; Seppänen, Arttu; Leppänen, Mari; Tokola, Kari; Järvelä, Timo & Vasankari, Tommi [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Knee laxity, joint hypermobility, femoral anteversion, hamstring extensibility and navicular drop as risk factors for non-contact ACL injury in female athletes: A 4.5-year prospective cohort study. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. ISSN 0942-2056. 33, s. 4120–4127. doi: 10.1002/ksa.12625. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  PurposeTo investigate whether six selected anatomical variables were associated with non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in female team sport athletes.MethodsTwo hundred eighty-seven female athletes (age 13–38 at baseline) from basketball, floorball, ice hockey and volleyball completed a baseline physical examination, including measurements of anterior-posterior (AP) knee laxity, knee hyperextension, generalized joint hypermobility, femoral anteversion, hamstring extensibility and navicular drop. Athletes entered the study either in 2011, 2012 or 2013 and were followed up until the end of 2015. During the follow-up, all complete and magnetic resonance-verified ACL injuries were recorded.ResultsTwenty-three non-contact ACL injuries were recorded. There were no significant differences in baseline physical examination variables between athletes who sustained ACL injuries and those who did not. However, a side-to-side difference in AP knee laxity greater than 2 mm was observed in 20% of the ACL injury group compared to 12% of the non-injured group, although this difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsIn this study, AP knee laxity, knee hyperextension, generalized joint hypermobility, femoral anteversion, hamstring extensibility and navicular drop were not associated with increased risk for non-contact ACL injury in female team sport athletes. This study was powered to detect moderate to strong risk associations; thus, smaller risk associations may not have been identified.

• Heiestad, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe; Bahr, Roald & Moseid, Christine Holm (2025). Making, not breaking the young, aspiring athlete: The development of Prep to be PRO (Nærmere Best) - A Norwegian school-based educational programme. BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. 11(2). doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002388. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bjørndal, Christian Thue; Hausken-Sutter, Solveig Elisabeth Sand; Møller, Merete; Myklebust, Grethe & Grindem, Hege (2024). Exploring the interplay of interpersonal and contextual dynamics in youth sports injuries: a comprehensive narrative review. BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. 10(3). doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-001964. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Injuries are recognised in sports and exercise medicine as not isolated incidents but complex outcomes. This is because an athlete’s health trajectory is understood to be shaped by dynamic, complex linkages between individual performance, biology, and the wider social and cultural contexts and systems in which individuals perform. Despite this recognition, little attention has been paid to how interpersonal and contextual dynamics can potentially affect the risk of injury by influencing the choices and decisions made by coaches, parents and athletes. To address this gap, this narrative review bridges insights from sociocultural studies in sports with the findings of sports injury research. The narrative review aims to identify and summarise how interpersonal and contextual dynamics influence the risk of youth sports injuries. The results reveal the pressures faced by athletes, often leading to compromised health. Moreover, the review underscores the importance of designing complex interventions and strategies to promote healthier practices in youth sports. Specifically, intervention programmes should prioritise raising awareness of injury risks, cultivating effective communication skills and fostering supportive training environments.

• Møller, Merete; Johansen, Stian Isaksen; Myklebust, Grethe; Nielsen, Rasmus Oestergaard; Möller, Sören & Mikkelsen, Ulla [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Health problems and injury management in adolescent handball: the Safeplay one-season cohort study of 679 players. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 59, s. 65–74. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-108493. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tveiten, Caroline Emilie Van Woensel Ko; Bache-Mathiesen, Lena Kristin; Jakobsen, Rune Bruhn; Engebretsen, Lars; Persson, Andreas & Myklebust, Grethe [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Rehabilitation, Decision Making, and Return to Pivoting Sports in Athletes 1-3 Years After ACL Reconstruction: A Nationwide Study. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy Open (JOSPT Open). 3(1), s. 45–58. doi: 10.2519/josptopen.2024.0087. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  OBJECTIVE: To describe rehabilitation and decision making from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction to return to sport (RTS), characteristics, and RTS proportions for pivoting sport athletes undergoing usual care. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: We invited people with ACL reconstruction (ACLR) aged 16-40 years, who were injured during soccer, handball, or basketball and registered in the Norwegian Knee Ligament Register to complete a study-specific questionnaire at 1-3 years post-surgery. We reported descriptive statistics and RTS proportions for return to participation, sport, and performance. RESULTS: Of 1 875 individuals, 631 (34%) responded. The physical therapist–led rehabilitation ceased before 9 months in 52% (n = 268), and a physical therapist was most frequently involved in RTS decisions (n = 462, 77%). Fifty-five percent (n = 353) of the participants underwent physical testing prior to RTS. At a mean of 2.3 years (SD = 0.8) after ACLR, 62% (n = 391) returned to participation, 50% (n = 312) returned to sport, and 17% (n = 93) returned to preinjury performance, with higher rates for those under 20 years old. The main reasons for nonreturn were fear of reinjury (35%, n = 27) and knee problems (35%, n = 27). Median time to RTS was 12 months (interquartile range, 10-15 months), and 16% (n = 102) had sustained a new ACL injury at follow-up. CONCLUSION: This nationwide study found that half of pivoting sport athletes ceased rehabilitation within 9 months and half performed physical testing to inform RTS, with physical therapists most frequently involved in the RTS decision. Half of the athletes returned to sport, and 1 in 6 returned to performance. RTS proportions were highest in athletes younger than 20 years

• Heiestad, Hege; Moseid, Christine Holm & Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Skadefri-klubbkvelder i Norge - erfaringer, utfordringer og muligheter: En tverrsnittstudie. Fysioterapeuten. ISSN 0016-3384. 89(7), s. 30–35. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Hensikt: I artikkelen presenteres erfaringer fra Skadefri-klubbkvelder i idrettsklubber i Norge. Vi har kartlagt deltageres kunnskap om skadeforebyggende trening og bruk av Skadefri før og etter en slik klubbkveld, samt sett på hva som fremmer eller hemmer skadeforebyggende trening hos klubbkveld-deltagerne. Design, materiale og metode: Tverrsnittsstudie gjennomført i 2020-2021. Deltagere på Skadefri-klubbkvelder besvarte et spørreskjema om bruk og kjennskap til skadeforebyggende trening, om Skadefris nettside og applikasjon, utfordringer og barrierer knyttet til skadeforebyggende trening og en oppsummerende vurdering av Skadefri klubbkvelden. Deltakerne var utøvere, trenere og foreldre fra over 30 ulike idretter i Norge. Resultat: Totalt 1825 respondenter. Ikke alle respondentene besvarte alle spørsmålene i spørreskjemaet. Over halvparten (58 %) kjente til Skadefri fra før, og 45 % av disse brukte allerede nettside og/eller app i egen treningshverdag. Totalt gjennomførte 63% jevnlig skadeforebyggende trening før klubbkvelden, mens nesten alle (98%) ønsket å bruke kunnskapen om skadeforebyggende trening etter klubbkvelden. De største barrierene for bruk av skadeforebyggende trening var kunnskapsmangel og usikkerhet om hvordan man kan gjennomføre skadeforebyggende trening i praksis. Konklusjon: Skadefri-klubbkvelder kan være et nyttig lavterskel-tiltak som stimulerer til økt kunnskap om skadeforebyggende trening og gir større trygghet om hvordan skadeforebyggende trening kan gjennomføres i praksis.

• Ageberg, Eva; Brodin, Eva M; Linnéll, Jennie; Moesch, Karin; Donaldson, Alex & Adébo, Emme [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Cocreating injury prevention training for youth team handball: bridging theory and practice. BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. 8(2). doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001263. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Although it is advocated that end-users are engaged in developing evidence-based injury prevention training to enhance the implementation, this rarely happens. The ‘Implementing injury Prevention training ROutines in TEams and Clubs in youth Team handball (I-PROTECT)’ uses an ecological participatory design incorporating the perspectives of multiple stakeholders throughout the project. Within the I-PROTECT project, the current study aimed to describe the development of holistic injury prevention training specifically for youth handball players through using knowledge from both end-users (coaches and players) and researchers/handball experts. Employing action evaluation within participatory action research, the cyclical development process included three phases: research team preparation, handball expert-based preparation and end-user evaluation to develop injury prevention training incorporating both physical and psychological perspectives. To grow the knowledge of the interdisciplinary research team, rethinking was conducted within and between phases based on participants’ contributions. Researchers and end-users cocreated examples of handball-specific exercises, including injury prevention physical principles (movement technique for upper and lower extremities, respectively, and muscle strength) combined with psychological aspects (increase end-user motivation, task focus and body awareness) to integrate into warm-up and skills training within handball practice. A cyclical development process that engaged researchers/handball experts and end-users to cocreate evidence-based, theory-informed and context-specific injury prevention training specifically for youth handball players generated a first pilot version of exercises including physical principles combined with psychological aspects to be integrated within handball practice.

Se alle arbeider i NVA

• Myklebust, Grethe (2026). ACL prevention among female athletes. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
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• Myklebust, Grethe (2025). Implementing reliable, valid and practical injury prevention. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
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• Myklebust, Grethe (2025). Ikke operativ behandling ved ACL-ruptur. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2025). Skadeforebygging kne. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2025). Nevromuskulær trening. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2025). 25 years of research on the female athlete – lessons learned. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nagy, Cecilie Margrethe; Myklebust, Grethe & Stensrud, Trine (2025). Prevalence of severe knee injuries among Norwegian youth handball players – a three-year follow-up study. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; Moen, Christian; Hausken, Solveig Elisabeth Sand; Hägglund, Martin; McKay, Carly & Myklebust, Grethe [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Effectiveness of the youth handball injury prevention program #Utviklingsklar – a cluster randomized trial. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Christian; Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; Hausken, Solveig Elisabeth Sand; Bjørndal, Christian Thue; Myklebust, Grethe & Møller, Merete [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Injury prevention in youth football and handball: development of a complex intervention. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heiestad, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe; Bahr, Roald & Moseid, Christine Holm (2025). Athletes in the Making: Development of Prep to be PRO. Abstract book 25 years of protecting athlete health - forward together. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Butler, Brendan; Kotsifaki, Roula; Myklebust, Grethe; King, Enda; Whiteley, Rod & Marques, Joao [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Do running biomechanics return to ‘normal’ after ACL reconstruction at the time of return to sport? Insights across running types, from acceleration to high-speed running. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe & Steffen, Kathrin (2025). Anterior cruciate ligament injuries: Prevention strategies. I Doral, Mahmut Nedim & Karlsson, Jon (Red.), Sports Injuries : Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation. Springer. ISSN 9783642368011. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-36801-1_82-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; McKay, Carly; Gjesdal, Siv; Grindem, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe & Bjørndal, Christian Thue [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Targeting injury prevention behavior in youth handball and football: perspectives from 528 players and 337 coaches – a cross sectional study. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 58(Suppl 2), A18-A18. 10.1136/bjsports-2024-IOC.31. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2024). Nevromuskulær trening. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe & Møller, Merete (2024). 87 international championship medals and 25 years later – present state of injury prevention in handball 2024 with future perspectives. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Christian; Myklebust, Grethe; Munkvold, Emilie; Hagglund, Martin; Bahr, Roald & Møller, Merete [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). 880 FO34 – Why does it work? Proposed mechanisms of effect in injury prevention programs in football and handball: a scoping review of 84 studies. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-IOC.33. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2024). Ikke-operativ behandling ved ACL-ruptur. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2024). Skadeforebygging kne. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2024). Ikke-operativ behandling ved skulderlidelser. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe; Hägglund, Martin; Munkvold, Emilie; Bahr, Roald; Møller, Merete & Bjørndal, Christian Thue [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Why does it work? Proposed mechanisms of effect in injury prevention programs in football and handball: a scoping review of 84 studies. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe & Kaj-Martin, Georgsen (2024). Samtale - Kvinner og idrett. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Christian; Myklebust, Grethe; Munkvold, Emilie; Hägglund, Martin; Bahr, Roald & Møller, Merete [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Why does it work? Proposed mechanisms of effect in injury prevention programs in football and handball: a scoping review of 84 studies. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Christian; Myklebust, Grethe; Munkvold, Emilie; Hagglund, Martin; Bahr, Roald & Møller, Merete [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Why does it work? Proposed mechanisms of effect in injury prevention programs in football and handball: a scoping review of 84 studies. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Christian; Myklebust, Grethe; Munkvold, Emilie; Hägglund, Martin; Bahr, Roald & Møller, Merete [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Why does it work? Proposed biomedical effect mechanisms of injury prevention programs in football and handball: a scoping review of 84 studies. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; Myklebust, Grethe; Bjørndal, Christian Thue; Grindem, Hege & Møller, Merete (2024). Effectiveness of the injury preventive program #Utviklingsklar. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2024). ACL injuries in female sport - injury mechanisms, risk factors and prevention. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2024). Barriers to injury prevention programs - and how to overcome them? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bjørndal, Christian Thue; Hausken-Sutter, Solveig Elisabeth Sand; Myklebust, Grethe; Møller, Merete & Grindem, Hege (2024). Unveiling the significance of sociocultural dynamics in youth sport injury research: a comprehensive narrative review. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2024). Korleis kan ein forebygge protesebehov hos toppidrettsutøvarar? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; McKay, Carly; Gjesdal, Siv; Grindem, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe & Bjørndal, Christian Thue [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Targeting injury prevention behavior in youth handball and football: perspectives from 528 players and 337 coaches - a cross sectional study. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; McKay, Carly; Gjesdal, Siv; Grindem, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe & Bjørndal, Christian Thue [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Injury prevention behavior in youth handball and football: perspectives from 528 players and 337 coaches - a cross sectional study. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2024). 25 Years of injury prevention, from the young athletes to the professionals. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bahr, Roald & Myklebust, Grethe (2023). The Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre (OSTRC). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Møller, Merete; Grindem, Hege; Bjørndal, Christian Thue & Myklebust, Grethe (2023). Injury prevention and injury prevention behavior in youth handball and football. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Christian; Myklebust, Grethe; Munkvold, Emilie; Hägglund, Martin; Bahr, Roald & Møller, Merete [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Hvorfor virker de? Effektmekanismer i skadeforebyggende programmer i fotball og håndball. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hausken-Sutter, Solveig Elisabeth Sand; Bjørndal, Christian Thue; Møller, Merete; Myklebust, Grethe & Grindem, Hege (2023). Interdisciplinary injury prevention in youth sport and the influence of sociocultural aspects. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Christian; Myklebust, Grethe; Munkvold, Emilie; Hägglund, Martin; Bahr, Roald & Møller, Merete [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Hvorfor virker de? Effektmekanismer i skadeforebyggende programmer i fotball og håndball. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bjørndal, Christian Thue; Myklebust, Grethe; Møller, Merete & Grindem, Hege (2023). Gjennomførbarhetsstudie - metode og resultat. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hausken-Sutter, Solveig Elisabeth Sand; Bjørndal, Christian Thue; Myklebust, Grethe; Møller, Merete & Grindem, Hege (2023). Gjennomførbarhetsstudie - metode og resultat. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tveiten, Caroline Emilie Van Woensel Ko; Jakobsen, Rune Bruhn; Bache-Mathiesen, Lena Kristin; Persson, Andreas; Myklebust, Grethe & Engebretsen, Lars [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Kommer utøvere på alle nivåer tilbake til vridningsidrett etter ACL rekonstruksjon? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Øverland, Maja Sterlin; Myklebust, Grethe; Harøy, Joar & Heiestad, Hege (2023). Skadefri-klubbkveld! Kunnskap om og bruk av skadeforebygging etter deltakelse på klubbkveld. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2023). Idrettskader - kjønnsforskjeller - hvordan forebygge? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2023). Nevromuskulær trening. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2023). The athlete experience of ACLR rehabilitation. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2023). Ikke-operativ behandling ved ACL-ruptur. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2023). Skadeforebygging kne. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2023). Ikke-operativ behandling ved skulderlidelser. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; Møller, Merete; Grindem, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe & Bjørndal, Christian Thue (2023). Injury prevention and injury prevention behavior in youth handball and football. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moseid, Christine Holm; Myklebust, Grethe & Møller, Merete (2023). Den kvinnelige idrettsutøveren. Trening, helse og prestasjon. I Sandbakk, Øyvind Bucher; Solli, Guro Strøm & Staff, Hanne Cesilie (Red.), Den kvinnelige idrettsutøveren. Fagbokforlaget. ISSN 9788245036930. s. 93–102. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2023). Barriers to ACL prevention programs and how to overcome them. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; McKay, Carly; Gjesdal, Siv; Grindem, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe & Bjørndal, Christian Thue [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Similar injury prevention behavior in youth handball and football: a cross-sectional study of 865 coaches and players. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tveiten, Caroline Emilie Van Woensel Ko; Jakobsen, Rune Bruhn; Bache-Mathiesen, Lena Kristin; Persson, Andreas; Myklebust, Grethe & Engebretsen, Lars [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Kommer utøvere på alle nivåer tilbake til vridningsidrett etter ACL rekonstruksjon? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heiestad, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe; Funnemark, Kaja & Moseid, Christine Holm (2022). Closing the gap on injury prevention: the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre four-platform model for translating research into practice. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 56(9), s. 482–483. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-104998. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moseid, Christine Holm; Jakhelln, Emilie Bratt & Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Skadefri-ambassadør-opplæring. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moseid, Christine Holm; Myklebust, Grethe & Heiestad, Hege (2022). Skadefri-ambassadøropplæring. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe & Moseid, Christine Holm (2022). Implementering - spredning av sikringskost - spredning av kunnskap og bruk av kunnskap. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe & Moseid, Christine Holm (2022). Unge utøvere -NB! - et utviklingsverktøy for trenere. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe & Moseid, Christine Holm (2022). Tall og tips - håndballforskning - hvor står vi i dag? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe & Moseid, Christine Holm (2022). Forebyggende trening i håndball - hva funker - "hard facts". Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Forebygging av kneskader i idrett - tips til klinikerne. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe & Moseid, Christine Holm (2022). Hvordan skaper vi mer robuste spillere junior-senior? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Akutte skader - kan de forebygges? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hausken, Solveig Elisabeth Sand; Bjørndal, Christian Thue; Myklebust, Grethe; Møller, Merete & Grindem, Hege (2022). Sosiale og kulturelle forhold kan påvirke idrettsskader. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Ikke-operativ behandling ved skulderlidelser. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Nevromuskulær trening. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Ikke-operativ behandling ved ACL ruptur. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Skadeforebygging kne. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Christian; Myklebust, Grethe; Hagglund, Martin; Bahr, Roald; Møller, Merete & Bjørndal, Christian Thue [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Biomedisinsk perspektiv på skadeforebygging. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sjølie, Emilie Scholten; Gjesdal, Siv; McKay, Carly; Grindem, Hege; Myklebust, Grethe & Bjørndal, Christian Thue [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Holdninger og atferd: skader og skadeforebygging. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Primary prevention in handball and soccer - how can we prevent injuries in female athletes? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moseid, Christine Holm; Heiestad, Hege; Jakhelln, Emilie Bratt & Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Nærmere best - et undervisningsverktøy for toppidrettskolene. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heiestad, Hege & Myklebust, Grethe (2022). Skadefri ambassadørutdanning. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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