Dag Vidar Hanstad

Professor Department of Sport and Social Sciences

Email: dagvh@nih.no
Phone: +47 23 26 23 62
Mobile phone: +47 90 89 22 29

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Background and experience

Dag Vidar is professor in sport management. His PhD thesis in 2009: Anti-Doping in Sport: A Study of Policy Development since 1998.

He was previously sport editor for the leading Norwegian newspaper Aftenposten

Teaching

Sport and society, media and communication, organization and leadership, sustainability

Research

Sport management: Organization, doping and antidoping, media, elite level sport, and legacy.

Projects

Leading across multilevels

Skille, Eivind Åsrum & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2024). Kampen om fotballbanene: Private aktører og den frivillige organiserte idretten. Norsk sosiologisk tidsskrift. 8(5). doi: 10.18261/nost.8.5.2. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Den norske idrettsmodellen har tradisjonelt bestått av en symbiose mellom offentlig sektor som har subsidiert etableringen av idrettsanlegg, og frivillige idrettsorganisasjoner som har fylt anleggene med aktivitet. På bakgrunn av private fotballakademiers inntog undersøker vi i denne artikkelen hvordan organisasjoner i den klassiske modellen (kommune, idrettskrets, fotballkrets, fotballklubb) forholder seg til private fotbalakademier, og om de private aktørene truer den klassiske idrettsmodellen. Vi anvender Bourdieus felt som teoretisk perspektiv, mens vi metodisk baserer oss på intervjuer med nøkkelaktører som primær metode, supplert med analyse av idrettspolitiske dokumenter fra staten, Norges idrettsforbund og Norges fotballforbund. Hovedfunnene er for det første at de private fotballakademienes ønske om banetilgang blir møtt av en tilnærmet proteksjonistisk idrettskrets som tilsynelatende søker å beholde en doksisk makt over de ressursene anlegg er. Det er like fullt slik at de private akademiene ved sin søken etter samme gode som den etablerte idretten bruker, skaper en heterodoks situasjon i idrettsfeltet. Dikotomien blir nyansert av både kommunen, som har som oppgave å tjene alle borgere, og av fotballkretsen. Kommunen forvalter idrettsanlegg gjennom sine tolkninger av regelverket, som er noe mer generøs overfor private aktører enn idrettskretsens tolkning, og tillater dermed noe utleie til private fotballakademier. Fotballkretsen på sin side fremstår som fagnerder som setter aktiviteten fotball og utvikling av fotballspillere over de mer sektorbaserte ideologiene som idrettskretsen forfekter. Både kommunen og fotballkretsen forsterker gjennom sin aksept den heterodoksi som de private aktørene bringer inn i fotballfeltet og idrettsfeltet.
Strittmatter, Anna-Maria; Horbel, Chris; Traberg, Josephine; Strömberg, Julius Zackarias; Bodemar, Gun Annika Viola & Grønkjær, Allan B. [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2024). Prioritization of the Sustainable Development Goals in the sustainability transition process of sport organizations: national strategies and sport managers’ perspectives. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research. ISSN 2509-3142. 55, p. 94–103. doi: 10.1007/s12662-024-00985-z. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This study explores the relevance, and applicability, of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in relation to Norwegian sport organizations’ sustainability transition. The following research questions guided the study: (1) How do National Sport Governing Bodies (NGBs) strategically address and prioritize SDGs and why? (2) How does the strategic prioritization of SDGs align with sport managers’ perspectives? (3) What does their prioritization of SDGs imply about the progress of sustainability transition within the Norwegian sports sector? The qualitative study is based on three interviews with directors in NGBs, document analysis of 11 strategy documents by six NGBs’ and essays produced by 82 sport managers representing the respective NGBs. Data analysis was informed by neo-institutional theory and the waves of sustainability transition framework. In our sample, spanning a diverse range of sports, we observed that 10 different SDGs are seen as relevant for NGBs from a strategy perspective, while sport managers prioritized eight. There is a strong alignment between national strategies and sport managers’ perspectives which is explainable through coercive, mimetic and normative pressures within the organizational field of sports. This further demonstrates that SDG prioritization is linked to the sport political context. While the alignment of prioritization from different perspectives provides a solid foundation for advancing sustainability work, the missing link between the SDGs and organizational goals with concrete suggestions for measures witnesses that Norwegian sport organizations are still in the infancy of sustainable transition.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Strittmatter, Anna-Maria (2022). En bærekraftig idrettsorganisasjon: Lang vei fra vedtak til implementering. In Tjønndal, Anne; Lund, Anne Kamilla & Nilssen, Maja (Ed.), Bærekraft i idrett og friluftsliv. Universitetsforlaget. ISSN 9788215061160. p. 121–138. doi: 10.18261/9788215061153-2022-06. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
I dette kapittelet analyserer vi strategiprosessen til Norges Fotballforbund (NFF) innenfor vedtatt satsing på bærekraft. Prosessen, med tydelig preg av bærekraft, startet med en ovenfra-og-ned-tilnærming, men er i løpet av endringsfasen justert slik at det legges til rette for at idrettslagene involveres gjennom kretsleddet. NFF sentralt får da tilbakemeldinger fra dem som politikken er rettet mot, og kan gjøre tiltak for å tilpasse politikken til forskjellige kontekster.
Strittmatter, Anna-Maria; Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Skirstad, Berit (2021). Facilitating Sustainable Outcomes for the Organization of Youth Sports through Youth Engagement. Sustainability. 13(4). doi: 10.3390/su13042101. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The aim of this study was to explore how a youth sport development programme in connection with a major event may facilitate sustainable outcomes for the organization of youth sports in Norway. The context of the study involved the Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports’ initiative to increase young people’s engagement within Norwegian organized sports. The result of the initiative was the Young Leaders Programme (YLP) in connection with the 2016 Lillehammer Youth Olympic Games. Young people’s perceptions of the YLP, as well as how these perceptions relate to its implementation, are evaluated to determine the extent to which the programme may make a difference to sustainable youth engagement in organized sports. Qualitative data were generated through interviews with 16 YLP participants, aged 16–20, and five implementing agents. Applying the framework of processes affecting sustainability, the study shows how certain forms of sustainability can be enhanced while constraining other forms at the same time. The findings highlight that project design and implementation play a more crucial role in creating organizational sustainability than in creating individual sustainability. Furthermore, we were able to reveal that the engagement of young people in sport events as volunteers fosters individual sustainability, of which sport organizations and sporting communities should take advantage by providing arenas where young people can re-engage in sport organizations and thus contribute as change agents to a sustainable organization for youth sports.
Grønkjær, Allan B. & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2021). Leading for success in Danish and Norwegian national team handball. In Andersen, Svein S; Hansen, Per Øystein & Houlihan, Barrie (Ed.), Embedded Multi-Level Leadership in Elite Sport. Routledge. ISSN 9780367552770. p. 142–160. doi: 10.4324/9781003092728-9. Full text in Research Archive
Skille, Eivind Åsrum; Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Svensgaard, Marit; Lien, Gjermund & Bugge, Christoffer (2021). Lokale aktivitetsmidler : Implementering av den statlige idrettspolitikken. Norsk sosiologisk tidsskrift. 5(4), p. 1–17. doi: 10.18261/issn.2535-2512-2021-04-06. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Hvordan fungerer norsk statlig idrettspolitikk fra den dannes til den implementeres i idrettslag? Fungerer implementeringen etter intensjonene? I denne artikkelen forfølger vi slike spørsmål ved å undersøke, ved hjelp av spørreskjema og intervjuer, hvordan idrettsråd og idrettslag oppfatter ordningen med lokale aktivitetsmidler (LAM). Dette er den eneste delen av spillemiddeltildelingen forvaltet av Kulturdepartementet som går uavkortet til lokalidretten. Funnene viser for det første at idrettsrådene, som administrerer LAM-ordningen lokalt, og idrettslag der aktivitet utøves oppfatter at ordningen fungerer bra. Idrettsrådene er tydeligst i denne oppfatningen. For det andre tyder våre funn på at ordningen har bedre virkning i dag enn for noen år siden. Med utgangspunkt i teori om implementeringsverktøy, diskuterer vi hvordan økonomiske rammetilskudd bidrar til den overordnede politiske visjonen om idrett og fysisk aktivitet for alle.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Lesjø, Jon Helge (2020). A positive legacy – against all odds Olympic facilities at the 1994 Olympic Winter Games. Current Issues in Sport Science. 5. doi: 10.15203/CISS_2020.008. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The aim of this study is to explore the concept of legacy in mega sporting events. More precisely, it examines how one of the smallest cities to host the Olympic Winter Games, Lillehammer in 1994, more than 25 years after the Games, has a rather positive legacy of the investments in sporting facilities, opposite to a majority among the hosts of the Winter Games. The research, which entailed qualitative documentary analysis (e.g. bidding documents, government guarantees, propositions and minutes of meetings in the Parliament, supplemented with interviews), shows how the concept was changed after Lillehammer was awarded the event in 1988. Lillehammer went from an extreme compact Games model to place the venues in five municipalities. Also important was the establishment of government funding to maintain the different arenas. For many hosts of mega/major events, sport facilities end up with a negative legacy because of poor or insufficient planning. Today, the ‘after-use fund’ has been depleted, which is challenging for Lillehammer because several municipalities in the Olympic region are also responsible for the funding. It remains to be seen if the positive legacy will remain positive in the years to come.
Sand, Trond Svela & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2019). Retention of sport volunteers : the Nordic World Ski Championship. International Journal of Sport Management. ISSN 1546-234X. 20(1), p. 43–61. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This article examines retention factors among major sport event volunteers. Retaining those who have the required skills and knowledge is important for organizers of annual events. Fostering a new generation of volunteers is also critical for retention due to young volunteers’ weak ties to the organization, ad-hoc engagements, and aims of self-development and self-realization. Research so far has however focused on intentions rather than actual volunteering with respect to retention factors. This study contributes to the field by examining what characterizes return volunteers. Survey data (n=737) from 2011 Nordic World Ski Championship volunteers revealed that mem¬bership with The Association for the Promotion of Skiing (the local organizer), pre¬vious volunteer experience in sport, and an interest in skiing predicted a return as a volunteer at events the following year, whereas factors associated with reflexive volunteering were insignificant. The findings are discussed in relation to recruitment of volunteers and how to optimize retention.
Skille, Eivind Åsrum; Syversen, Trine Løvold & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2019). A one-off event and the construction of organisational identity: the case of the 2016 Lillehammer Youth Olympic Games Committee. European Journal for Sport and Society (EJSS). ISSN 1613-8171. 17(1), p. 11–25. doi: 10.1080/16138171.2019.1706238. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
In this article, we investigate the organisational identity (OI) of the 2016 Lillehammer Youth Olympic Games Organising Committee (LYOGOC). Using OI theory, we scrutinised how the youth focus of the winter edition of the Youth Olympic Games (YOG) and the institutional environment of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) shaped LYOGOC’s identity. We conducted an interview with five leaders in a focus group after the games, as well as observations and interviews before, during, and after the games. We identified four core values in LOYGOC’s identity, which pair and balance each other: raw/awesome versus humble, and playful versus determined. These values were lived by internally and expressed externally to make the LYOGOC work within the institutional environment of the IOC and ‘the Olympic family’, local sport organisations, and communities, and to get the work done within LYOGOC. Moreover, doing things ‘the Norwegian way’ combined with the ‘local Olympic identity’ was important for LYOGOC’s leaders, for their work, and for the organisation’s identity.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2019). Lederskap basert på verdier. In Kristiansen, Elsa; Solem, Birgit Andrine Apenes & Dille, Therese (Ed.), Eventledelse : En forskningsbasert antologi. Universitetsforlaget. ISSN 9788215032191. p. 48–63. doi: 10.18261/9788215032191-2019-04. Full text in Research Archive
Schnitzer, Martin; Kristiansen, Elsa & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2018). Comparing the expectations, experiences and legacies of volunteers at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Oslo 2011 and Val di Fiemme 2013. Current Issues in Sport Science. 3. doi: 10.15203/CISS_2018.002. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Volunteers play an important role in delivering events, especially events over a longer period of time. For example, the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships (Nordic WSC) take place every two years in a member country of the International Ski Federation (FIS). These events usually last 12 days and combine competitions in cross-country skiing, ski jumping and Nordic combined. Furthermore, volunteers also represent one of the biggest groups of stakeholders taking part in the event. The purpose of this article is to shed light on the expectations, experiences and legacies as perceived by volunteers at two events of the same type (Nordic WSC), but staged in two different places and two different cultural settings. Therefore, 29 volunteers were interviewed; some of them at the FIS Nordic WSC in Oslo and the other half at the FIS Nordic WSC in Val di Fiemme. The interviews underline that people volunteer for many different reasons, whereat Norwegian volunteers displayed a more individualistic orientation, Italian volunteers showed a greater commitment to their local community. In addition, Italian volunteers felt appreciated by the FIS for the good organization of the events. Other differences were found in the field of community acknowledgement. Norwegian volunteers added that the Norwegian economy would not appreciate this type of experience, whereas in Italy students had to volunteer, which was also appreciated by the community. The results show that the retention rate may be higher in Val di Fiemme due to the Nordic WSC being a project-based undertaking. Hence, local community loyalty or simply hobbies could show an increase in retention. For future events further research should be undertaken in this field of research.
Houlihan, Barrie & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2018). The effectiveness of the World Anti-Doping Agency: developing a framework for analysis. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics. ISSN 1940-6940. doi: 10.1080/19406940.2018.1534257. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Although there are a number of studies of the effectiveness of the global anti-doping regime less attention has been paid to the performance and effectiveness of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) as the lead organisation within the policy regime. The aim of the paper is to design a framework for the analysis of WADA’s performance and effectiveness and to utilise the framework to provide an assessment of the impact of the Agency within the broader policy regime. The framework identifies a series of structural and contextual dimensions. The structural factors analysed are: the formal competencies granted to the IO and the clarity of the IO mission; the degree of regime embeddedness and exclusivity; organisational cohesion and design; leadership quality; resource availability and stakeholder involvement. The main external or contextual factors are: scientific or technological developments; economic developments; position on the policy agenda and competing policy concerns; the cost/benefit of political support and public attitudes. It is argued that the analytical framework enables a rounded and effective assessment of the contribution of WADA to the global anti-doping regime. Specifically it allows an assessment of WADA to be made from two distinct perspectives: the first focuses on its performance and effectiveness in terms of the objectives that it has set for itself or which have been set for it by its principals while the second focuses on the performance of WADA in comparison with other similar IOs.
Sand, Trond Svela; Strittmatter, Anna-Maria & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2017). 2016 Winter Youth Olympic Games: Planning for a volunteer legacy. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing. ISSN 1475-8962. 17(4-6), p. 242–260. doi: 10.1504/IJSMM.2017.087444. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The aim of this article is to investigate the relation between the legacy planning process of the 2016 Winter Youth Olympic Games (YOG 2016) and the willingness of event volunteers to continue long-term club volunteering and sports event volunteering after the YOG 2016. The article is based on survey data (n = 930) of young volunteers (≤29 years) and shows that they were reflexive oriented in their motives, however collective motives were important as well. Furthermore, the young volunteers were positive with respect to the general experience as volunteers and to how this had influenced their willingness for future volunteering. The findings are discussed in relation to managerial actions during the YOG 2016, such as performance feedback, training for and communication of task specification - and how lack of such may be a barrier for future volunteering.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2017). Arven fra lekene i 1994 og 2016. In Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Lesjø, Jon Helge (Ed.), Ungdoms-OL på Lillehammer: Barneskirenn eller olympisk innovasjon?. Akilles forlag. ISSN 9788272862564. p. 253–272. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2017). De frivillige : jakten på de unge. In Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Lesjø, Jon Helge (Ed.), Ungdoms-OL på Lillehammer: Barneskirenn eller olympisk innovasjon?. Akilles forlag. ISSN 9788272862564. p. 89–110. Full text in Research Archive
Lesjø, Jon Helge; Strittmatter, Anna-Maria & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2017). Patterns of influence: relationship with the IOC as seen by the organisers of the Youth Olympic Winter Games 2016. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing. ISSN 1475-8962. 17(4-6), p. 331–350. doi: 10.1504/IJSMM.2017.087443. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The Youth Olympic Games (YOG) resembles the Olympic Games in many ways but it has its own identity and characteristics. In this article, we analyse patterns of influence between the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and local organisers prior to the YOG 2016. The findings show that these patterns vary over time and between different areas of governance and management. The IOC in general follows event organisers rather losely through detailed manuals, routines of communications, and reports. According to local organisers, this model of governance fits big events such as the Olympics better than smaller events such as YOG. Through time and processes characterised by 'negotiated trust' however, local organisers gained more autonomy. This case shows that hosts can gain power through the control and trust mechanism and realise local projects.
Lesjø, Jon Helge & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2017). Ungdoms-OL: Noe nytt, eller mer av det gamle i ny innpakning? In Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Lesjø, Jon Helge (Ed.), Ungdoms-OL på Lillehammer: Barneskirenn eller olympisk innovasjon?. Akilles forlag. ISSN 9788272862564. p. 275–281. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2015). Bilateral collaboration : a tool to improve anti-doping compliance. In Møller, Verner; Waddington, Ivan & Hoberman, John (Ed.), Routledge handbook of drugs and sport. Routledge. ISSN 9780415702782. p. 219–228. Full text in Research Archive
Andersen, Svein S; Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Plejdrup-Skillestad, Kari (2015). The role of test events in major sporting events. Event Management. ISSN 1525-9951. 19(2), p. 261–273. doi: 10.3727/152599515X14297053839773. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Test events are important in the preparation of major sporting events. Nevertheless, there are few studies of how such tests are carried out to combat risks and build capacities to manage the unexpected incidents during implementation. This article explores two questions: (1) What role did the test event in 2010 play in the preparation and execution of the FIS Nordic World Championships (SWC) in Oslo 2011? (2) To what extent can experiences from this project be viewed as a successful attempt to apply an overall model of mindful organization? The study is based on in-depth interviews with key leaders in the organizing committee of SWC as well as different documents and media coverage. Data collection and analysis is organized around key concepts from theories of mindful organizations. The study shows that even if project leaders had a conscious and consistent mindful approach to preparations, the test event demonstrated a number of important shortcomings relating to facilities, support, and the event organization itself. The way such shortcomings were analyzed and acted upon was essential for a successful world championship. An important aspect of this was the realization that the real challenge was to reorganize and fine tune the organization to combat risks and manage the unexpected.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Houlihan, Barrie (2015). Strengthening global anti-doping policy through bilateral collaboration: the example of Norway and China. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics. ISSN 1940-6940. 7(4), p. 587–604. doi: 10.1080/19406940.2015.1014394. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The aim of the article is to evaluate the contribution of bilateralism to global anti-doping policy. The article begins with an assessment of contemporary challenges facing the World Anti-Doping Agency in attempting to strengthen compliance with the World Anti-Doping Code and notes the weaknesses in compliance. The analytical framework for the article is derived from regime theory, neo-institutionalism and the concept of isomorphism. This is followed by a discussion of the nature of the anti-doping global policy regime and the part that bilateralism might play in the various stages of regime development. The development of bilateral collaboration is traced, and the leading role played by Norway in its development is examined. The central section of the article utilises neo-institutionalist theory and the concept of isomorphism to explore the case of Norway’s bilateral links with China and identifies the outputs of the collaboration and also the motives of both partners. The article concludes with an analysis of the factors that contributed to the longevity and success of the Norway–China collaboration and the extent to which this success could be replicated.
Parent, Milena; Kristiansen, Elsa; Skille, Eivind Åsrum & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2015). The sustainability of the Youth Olympic Games: Stakeholder networks and institutional perspectives. International Review for the Sociology of Sport. ISSN 1012-6902. 50(3), p. 326–348. doi: 10.1177/1012690213481467. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This paper explored the Youth Olympic Games’ (YOG) potential sustainability (survival and success) through an analysis of how actors exert various forms of pressure on the YOG. Given the impact of the Olympic Games and of youth on society, it becomes important to study the newest member of the Olympic Family. Combining stakeholder, network and institutional literatures, a case study of the first Winter YOG in Innsbruck (Austria) was built by means of observations and interviews. The stakeholder network analysis revealed three central stakeholders for the YOG’s sustainability: the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the media (press and broadcast), and the athletes’ parents. The institutional context was challenged by stakeholders’ changing levels of relative saliency, and notably by the parents’ emerging saliency. Practically speaking, YOG managers need to be diplomats in balancing pressures originating from the international (IOC) and local (parents) institutional contexts.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2014). A new generation of volunteers. In Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Parent, Milena & Houlihan, Barrie (Ed.), The Youth Olympic Games. Routledge. ISSN 9780415839877. p. 91–105. doi: 10.4324/9780203794944-6. Full text in Research Archive
Wollebæk, Dag; Skirstad, Berit & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2014). Between two volunteer cultures: Social composition and motivation among volunteers at the 2010 test event for the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships. International Review for the Sociology of Sport. ISSN 1012-6902. 49(1), p. 22–41. doi: 10.1177/1012690212453355. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This paper argues that a reflexive, late modern volunteer culture coexists with a collectivist, traditional one at major sporting events. Those who regularly volunteer at such events and are affiliated with organized sport tend to be older and male, and have higher incomes. Those who are volunteering for the first time and are unaffiliated with organized sport resemble reflexive volunteers to a greater extent: they tend to be younger and female, and their incomes are lower than those of regular sports volunteers. A factor analysis identified sports interest, social motives and qualification/work-related motives as three motivational dimensions for volunteering at sporting events. The first two intrinsic dimensions were more important to event regulars and those affiliated with organized sports. Building qualifications and work-related experience were more important motives for first-timers and unaffiliated volunteers, indicating that these volunteers view event volunteering as an appropriate way of investing in social and human capital. The data come from an Internet-based survey (n=800, response rate 77) conducted prior to the 2010 test event for the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Oslo, Norway.
Kristiansen, Elsa; Skille, Eivind Åsrum & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2014). From Community Based Identities to Individual Benefits for Volunteers : A Comparison of Three Sporting Events. Scandinavian Sport Studies Forum. 5, p. 47–68. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The purpose of this paper is to explore and identify different types of volunteers at three major sporting events: the 2012 Winter Youth Olympic Games in Innsbruck, Austria; the 2012 GöteborgsVarvet (a half-marathon race), Sweden; and the 2012 FIS World Ski Flying Championships in Vikersund, Norway. Altogether, 37 volunteers were interviewed, and Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus and field, as well as modernization theories, were employed in the analyses. Data revealed that all three groups of volunteers had different motives for volunteer work. The young, international volunteers at the Winter Youth Olympic Games were concerned with learning and gaining experience; the volunteers at Vikersund were motivated by the commitment to the local community; while the volunteers at GöteborgsVarvet volunteered for their local sport club. In conclusion, we argue that there is an increased complexity of volunteer patterns. Theoretically speaking, there is a difference between subfields of volunteering which fit various individual habitus. Clearly, modern volunteers, particularly young people, extend the complexity of the sport field and the volunteering field.
Kristiansen, Elsa; Andersen, Svein S & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2013). The mundanity of Olympic housing: Norwegian athletes at the 2010 Winter Games. International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences. ISSN 1598-2939. 25(2), p. 147–158. doi: 10.24985/ijass.2013.25.2.147. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
National teams face organizational challenges when planning and preparing for Olympic accommodation. In Norway such efforts are coordinated by the Olympic Top Sport Organization, Olympiatoppen. The ability to deal systematically with the many mundane factors in preparations and competitions is crucial, for example minor and mundane issues related to housing conditions may easily impact athletes’ ability to perform. When discussing perceptions of stressors related to accommodations with ten Norwegian winter Olympians from the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Winter Games (OWG), they identified four areas of concern that may be central in comprehensive planning and preparation: accommodation and specific individual needs, the quality of recreation and food, managing security issues, and the regulation of press meetings. The most satisfied athletes belonged to sports where leaders took active part in discussions and spent time on details that would give the team an advantage like single room for clear medal candidates, Norwegian chefs, bringing their usual support personnel, extra recreational activities etc. Others were not that satisfied and felt that their needs (or sport) were not considered important enough. In conclusion, the Norwegian preparations for the 2010 OWG reflected a more conscious approach to quality control than previously, and even more important, the athletes felt that they had a say in the decision-making.
Andersen, Svein S & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2013). Knowledge development and transfer in a mindful project-organization. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business. ISSN 1753-8378. 6(2), p. 236–250. doi: 10.1108/17538371311319007. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
In elite sport competitions there are small margins, and small advantages may be the key to big success. Details that in many other setting would be considered insignificant can have a major impact on results. Awareness about risks therefore becomes a key concern in such projects, and this is often viewed as the essence of project management. Compensations for negative outcomes do not make sense. Delays, cost-overruns or compensations are not viable options. In such situations, success depends on the ability to manage risks with a high degree of reliability, reflects the ability to mobilize, use and develop new knowledge. This paper aims to offer an opportunity to investigate mechanisms for knowledge development and transfer in relation to risk management in a mindful organization.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Andersen, Svein S (2013). A holistic approach to risk management : a participant perspective. In Sotiriadou, Popi & Bosscher, Veerle De (Ed.), Managing high performance sport. Routledge. ISSN 9780415671958. p. 255–271. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Parent, Milena & Kristiansen, Elsa (2013). The Youth Olympic Games: the best of the Olympics or a poor copy? European Sport Management Quarterly. ISSN 1618-4742. 13(3), p. 315–338. doi: 10.1080/16184742.2013.782559. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This paper explores the new event in the Olympic Movement, the Youth Olympic Games (YOG) in Innsbruck, Austria, in 2012, and examines the similarities and differences between the winter editions of the YOG and the Olympic Games (OG). The qualitative case study utilised a stakeholder approach and revealed four main groupings that differed in relative salience as compared to the OG: the host core stakeholders, international core stakeholders, sponsors and media, and parents and other stakeholders. From an external perspective, the YOG had the general ‘look-and-feel’ of the OG, despite their smaller size and relatively lesser involvement by sponsors and the media. However, this may have helped showcase the Olympic Movement tenets like those presented in the Culture and Education Programme. The YOG were thus closer to the Olympic ideals than the OG. We further discuss this and other paradoxes and disconnects requiring further debate and analysis.
Skille, Eivind Åsrum & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2013). Who are they and why do they do it? The habitus of sport event volunteers in Norway: volunteers at the European handball championship for women 2010. Sport in Society: Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics. ISSN 1743-0437. 16(9), p. 1135–1148. doi: 10.1080/17430437.2013.790892. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
In this article, we scrutinize socio-demographic characteristics and motivation among volunteers at the 2010 European handball championship for women (Euro 2010). Bourdieu’s notion of habitus is used as the analytical framework. Surveys were sent to volunteers before Euro 2010 (n 5 186, response rate ¼ 65%) and after (n ¼ 231, response rate ¼ 58%). Results show that volunteers had a middle-class background and were equally distributed between genders.Most of the volunteers (81%) had experience as volunteers at major sport and other events, and 60%had experience fromhandball events. The motivation for volunteering was related to (1) competence development (which may also be utilized later in life), (2) the event experience itself and (3) the continuation of a social tradition. The identification of a handball/sport event volunteer habitus (based on both objective biographical information and more subjective motivational factors) might help event organizers to target specific groups when recruiting volunteers.
Skirstad, Berit & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2013). Gender matters in sport event volunteering. Managing Leisure. ISSN 1360-6719. doi: 10.1080/13606719.2013.809188. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The theoretical framework of Hustinx and Lammertyn on reflexive and traditional styles of volunteering is used to examine the differences between female and male volunteers at a sport event. Our study of the Nordic Skiing World Cup 2010 is an online-study involving pre- and post-event questionnaires. There were 659 respondents who answered both the questionnaires, a response rate of 63%. Our findings confirm the results from an earlier study by Downward Lumsdon, and Ralston (2005) that a major reason for women to volunteer is to improve their social capital and to become involved in useful networks. Motives were also examined in relation to membership of the sport club and/or history of previous volunteering. Men scored more highly on external and intrinsic motives. The data show that women to a lesser degree were members of a sport club and had less previous experience of volunteering at events than the men. The sport event seems to be a meeting place between traditional volunteers, dominated by males who are members of sport clubs with previous experience from other events, and the late modern volunteer culture which characterizes younger females.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2012). Det attraktive vertskapet : skal norsk idrett være med i kampen om store idrettsbegivenheter? In Hanstad, Dag Vidar (Eds.), Ski-VM 2011 : planlegging og gjennomføring. Akilles forlag. ISSN 9788272862328. p. 365–379. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2012). Ledelse av frivillige. In Hanstad, Dag Vidar (Eds.), Ski-VM 2011 : planlegging og gjennomføring. Akilles forlag. ISSN 9788272862328. p. 81–102. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2012). Mesterskap med de store kontrastene : hva er arven etter Ski-Vm i Oslo? In Hanstad, Dag Vidar (Eds.), Ski-VM 2011 : planlegging og gjennomføring. Akilles forlag. ISSN 9788272862328. p. 7–27. Full text in Research Archive
Goksøyr, Matti & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2012). Elite sport development in Norway – a radical transformation. In Andersen, Svein S & Ronglan, Lars Tore (Ed.), Nordic elite sport : same ambitions - different tracks. Universitetsforlaget. ISSN 9788215019390. p. 27–42. Full text in Research Archive
Kristiansen, Elsa; Tomten, Sissel Erland; Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Roberts, Glyn (2012). Coaching communication issues with elite female athletes: Two Norwegian case studies. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. ISSN 0905-7188. 22(6), p. e156–e167. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01521.x. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The aim of this study was to examine the careers of two successful female elite athletes who later stagnated, and to identify possible factors that might have led to their demotivation. Individual interviews and a focus group interview were conducted. Using a multidisciplinary approach, the stories of April and Hazel raised several issues related to coaching, coach education, and the development of female athletes. Their individual profiles revealed that their perception of the lack of long-term development was caused by coach miscommunication, having to cope with sudden fame, and injuries provoked by overtraining. The coach–athlete relationship was discussed with a focus on the inexperience of some coaches, the number of coaches the athletes had to deal with, sociolinguistic issues, and the differing criteria of success communicated. Finally, the importance of their national governing bodies to focus on knowledge transfer, the supervision of coaches, and the infrastructure to monitor athletes were discussed.
Parent, Milena M.; Eskerud, Line & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2012). Brand creation in international recurring sports events. Sport Management Review. ISSN 1441-3523. 15(2), p. 145–159. doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2011.08.005. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Although recurring sports events are held more frequently and by a larger number of cities than one-off events, little research has examined the branding process within recurring events. This paper addresses this gap by examining the brand creation process for international recurring sports events. Based on Parent and Séguin's (2008) model for one-off sports events, a comparative case study of the Alberta World Cup (Canada) and World Cup Drammen (Norway) cross-country ski events was conducted. Findings included similarities (leaders’ skills/value-based actions, induced event experiences, and institutional experiences) and differences (branding/marketing efforts, recognition of the sport, and nature of the event (success, media coverage, geographic location, and history/impact)). An expanded model of event brand creation is proposed, which can be applied to both one-off and recurring sports events in small and large North American and European cities.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2012). Risk Management in Major Sporting Events: A Participating National Olympic Team's Perspective. Event Management. ISSN 1525-9951. 16(3), p. 189–201. doi: 10.3727/152599512X13459279626683. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This article explores the process of risk management in a major sporting event from the perspective of a participating team. More specifically, the article examines how Norway's national team before and during the 2010 Olympic Winter Games (OWG) in Vancouver (i) identified the risk management issues, and (ii) handled risk strategies. The qualitative case study reported here draws upon documents and interviews with key actors in the Norwegian Top Sports Program (Olympiatoppen) and other important stakeholders for the preparation and implementation of the Vancouver project based on the experiences from 2006 OWG in Turin, Italy. The article utilizes previous research on risk management and strategic management in order to analyze a participating team's preparation and implementation. A framework for dealing with risk management issues experienced by participating teams at sporting events is provided.
Kristiansen, Elsa & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2012). Journalists and Olympic Athletes : A Norwegian Case Study of an Ambivalent Relationship. International Journal of Sport Communication. ISSN 1936-3915. 5(2), p. 231–245. doi: 10.1123/ijsc.5.2.231. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This case study explores the relationship between media and sport. More specifically, it examines the association (i.e., the contact and communication) between Norwegian journalists and athletes during the 2010 Olympic Winter Games in Vancouver, Canada. Ten athletes and three journalists were interviewed about their relationship. To regulate and improve the journalist–athlete relationship during special events like the Olympics, media rules have been formulated. In regard to the on-site interactions, they accepted that they are working together where one was performing and the other reporting the event “back home.” While the best advice is to be understanding of the journalists’ need for stories and inside information, the media coverage was perceived as a constant stress factor for the athletes. However, because of the media rules the athletes were able to keep their distance but one athlete did comment: “You will not survive if you take it personally”.
Andersen, Svein S; Anker, Elisabeth; Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Sitter, Nick (2012). Fra motspiller til medspiller : EU og norsk profesjonell fotball 1995-2010. Norsk statsvitenskapelig tidsskrift. ISSN 0801-1745. 28(4), p. 213–240. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
I 1995 fastslo EU-domstolen at profesjonell fotball var en del av det indre marked. Dette førte til sterke negative reaksjoner fra fotballklubber og -forbund i hele Europa. Bosmandommen presset samtidig EU-kommisjonen til å klargjøre fotballens status som kommersiell aktivitet. De tre mest sentrale temaene var ordningene for spillernes overgang mellom klubber, kvoter for utenlandske spillere, og salg av medierettigheter. I denne artikkelen ser vi på norske reaksjoner på dommen, og utviklingen av et nytt regime for profesjonell fotball i de påfølgende år. Den første reaksjonen fra norsk fotball var at EUs krav utgjorde en trussel. Den videre utviklingen ble imidlertid preget av en dialog mellom EU-kommisjonen og UEFA. Denne prosessen førte frem til et kompromiss som ivaretok både EUs konkurranseregler og verdier som står sentralt i norsk og europeisk fotball. Norsk representasjon i UEFAs ledelse ga nasjonale fotballaktører informasjon og innsikt i lokale tilpasningsmuligheter. Artikkelen illustrerer en form for europeisering preget av gjensidig tilpasning som har fått relativt lite oppmerksomhet i studier av europeisering.
Andersen, Svein S & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2011). "Den som er godt forberedt, har ikke uflaks" : norsk OL-deltakelse i Vancouver - risiko, forberedelse og resultater. Scandinavian Sport Studies Forum. 2, p. 75–98. Full text in Research Archive
Skille, Eivind Åsrum; Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Tjernsbekk, Per Arne (2011). The institutionalization of national anti-doping work after the introduction of the World Anti-Doping Code. International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences. ISSN 1598-2939. 23(2), p. 441–464. doi: 10.24985/ijass.2011.23.2.441. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Breivik, Gunnar; Sisjord, Mari Kristin & Skaset, Hans B (2011). Avrunding og fremtidsblikk. In Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Breivik, Gunnar; Sisjord, Mari Kristin & Skaset, Hans B. (Ed.), Norsk Idrett - Indre spenning og ytre press. Akilles forlag. ISSN 9788272862281. p. 525–532. Full text in Research Archive
Kristiansen, Elsa; Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Roberts, Glyn (2011). Coping with the Media at the Vancouver Winter Olympics : “We All Make a Living Out of This”. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. ISSN 1041-3200. 23(4), p. 443–458. doi: 10.1080/10413200.2011.598139. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The purpose of this study was to examine the journalist-athlete relationship at a major competitive event to better understand how the media may be perceived as a source of strain and how elite athletes cope with the media demands. Ten participants were interviewed after the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Winter Games. Intrusive questioning may negatively affect and influence the athlete's preparation for events. The use of coping strategies to deal with the media demands and reporting becomes important. In addition, the team support personnel should employ mastery motivational strategies to keep the athlete task involved.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Rønsen, Ola; Andersen, Svein S; Steffen, Kathrin & Engebretsen, Lars (2011). Fit for the fight? : illnesses in the Norwegian team in the Vancouver Olympic Games. British Journal of Sports Medicine. ISSN 0306-3674. 45(7), p. 571–575. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2010.081364. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Background: The development of strategies to prevent illnesses before and during Olympic Games provides a basis for improved health and Olympic results. Objective: (1) To document the efficacy of a prevention programme on illness in a national Olympic team before and during the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Winter Games (OWG), (2) to compare the illness incidence in the Norwegian team with Norwegian incidence data during the Turin 2006 OWG and (3) to compare the illness incidence in the Norwegian team with illness rates of other nations in the Vancouver OWG. Methods: Information on prevention measures of illnesses in the Norwegian Olympic team was based on interviews with the Chief Medical Officer (CMO) and the Chief Nutrition and Sport Psychology Officers, and on a review of CMO reports before and after the 2010 OWG. The prevalence data on illness were obtained from the daily reports on injuries and illness to the International Olympic Committee. Results: The illness rate was 5.1% (five of 99 athletes) compared with 17.3% (13 out of 75 athletes) in Turin (p=0.008). A total of four athletes missed one competition during the Vancouver Games owing to illness, compared with eight in Turin. The average illness rate for all nations in the Vancouver OWG was 7.2%. Conclusions: Although no definite cause-and-effect link between the implementation of preventive measures and the prevalence of illness in the 2010 OWG could be established, the reduced illness rate compared with the 2006 OWG, and the low prevalence of illnesses compared with other nations in the Vancouver OWG suggest that the preparations were effective.
Wagner, Ulrik & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2011). Scandinavian perspectives on doping – a comparative policy analysis in relation to the international process of institutionalizing anti-doping. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics. ISSN 1940-6940. 3(3), p. 355–372. doi: 10.1080/19406940.2011.596156. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This study investigates why, unlike Sweden, Denmark and Norway have decided to establish independent national anti-doping agencies. Starting off from a new institutional perspective, a qualitative comparative method is applied, and this study outlines variables that enable us to explain the differences and similarities of the two approaches. It is concluded that Sweden differs because doping is regarded as a broader public health issue and thus administratively dealt with in an area not only concerned with sport, while Sweden has a tradition of low political interference in elite sport. Despite various differences, the similar solutions chosen by Denmark and Norway are explained by their focus on doping in elite sport, combined with a high political profile in anti-doping. Although one can argue in favour of sport as an example of a world-society culture with a huge institutionalizing impact, this study reveals a space open for national interpretation. Finally, this article discusses future challenges for the two models analysed.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2011). Best både i idrett og antidoping : et dilemma? In Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Breivik, Gunnar; Sisjord, Mari Kristin & Skaset, Hans B. (Ed.), Norsk Idrett - Indre spenning og ytre press. Akilles forlag. ISSN 9788272862281. p. 139–155. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2011). Idrettens rolle i samfunnet. In Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Breivik, Gunnar; Sisjord, Mari Kristin & Skaset, Hans B. (Ed.), Norsk Idrett - Indre spenning og ytre press. Akilles forlag. ISSN 9788272862281. p. 7–10. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2011). Governance and the whereabouts system : a Norwegian case study. In McNamee, Mike & Møller, Verner (Ed.), Doping and anti-doping policy in sport : ethical, legal and social perspectives. Routledge. ISSN 9780415619233. p. 217–232. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Skille, Eivind Å. (2010). Journalisters syn på samarbeidet med den norske OL-troppen under vinterlekene i Vancouver 2010. Norsk medietidsskrift (NMT). ISSN 0804-8452. 17(4), p. 348–363. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Using web-based surveys, we study how Norwegian sports reporters perceived their relationship to the Norwegian team during the Olympic winter games in 2010. It was revealed that (i) the working conditions of journalists were better than expected, (ii) most sports authorities treated the media better during the 2010 games than in earlier games, and (iii) crosscountry skiing was the one sport that gave cause for greatest dissatisfaction. The general positive attitude was due to the rules for cooperation agreed upon before the games, i.e. both parties apprised of their duties, rights and, not least, predictability.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2010). Forskjeller mellom journalistikk og forskning. Norsk medietidsskrift (NMT). ISSN 0804-8452. 17(2), p. 121–134. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Forholdet mellom journalistikk og forskning har vært gjenstand for omfattende debatt det siste året, blant annet i kjølvannet av forskeren Jørn Hurums formidling av sine vitenskapelige funn i media og humoristen Harald Eias opptreden som forskningsjournalist. Denne artikkelen belyser forskjeller mellom journalistikk og forskning. Jeg gjør dette ved å bygge på mine egne erfaringer som både sportsjournalist og idrettsforsker. Blant annet presenteres et case som først ble belyst journalistisk og senere analysert for vitenskapelig publisering. The aim of this article is to explore the differences between investigative journalism and research within social science. The explicit use of theory and methods is emphasized, while the analysis shows that there are some similarities and, not least, some twilight zones. The article is written by a research er with a background in journalism and using a case which has been analysed both as a journalist and a scientist.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2010). Kampen om OL : retoriske grep og feilgrep. In Kristiansen, Hans-Ivar & Nordhaug, Odd (Ed.), Retorikk, idrett og samfunn. Forlag1. ISSN 9788292735312. p. 333–350. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Skille, Eivind Å. & Loland, Sigmund (2010). Harmonization of anti-doping work : myth or reality? Sport in Society: Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics. ISSN 1743-0437. 13(3), p. 418–430. doi: 10.1080/17430431003588036. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
In order to examine the implementation of the World Anti Doping Agency's (WADA) policy of global harmonization of anti-doping work, a survey was conducted among the members of the Association of National Anti-Doping Organizations (ANADO). It was revealed that in many countries, the Code was not implemented in accordance with the prescribed policy, with regard to (i) the requirement on national anti-doping organizations (NADOs) having a registered testing pool, (ii) the requirements of availability for testing of the athletes, and (iii) the requirements on sanctions. Only 23 of the 32 NADOs in the sample had a registered testing pool, only 11 NADOs required availability for testing every day, and one in five NADOs did not have any procedures for dealing with athletes who had not provided information about their whereabouts. Further, two in five did not count an incomplete test as a missed test, although this is WADA's definition. WADA's goal is harmonized anti-doping work. The implementation of anti-doping policy is challenging and is to a certain extent underpinned by processes of globalization. Even among NADOs that are considered to be among the global frontrunners in the struggle against doping significant variations exist. There is reason to believe that the global picture is even more diverse. One of WADA's key challenges is to define clearly and in operational terms which rules and sanctions are to be uniform and globally implemented, and which regulations can be open to interpretation depending on economic and socio-cultural contexts.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Skille, Eivind Å. (2010). Does elite sport develop mass sport? : a Norwegian case study. Scandinavian Sport Studies Forum. 1, p. 51–51. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The notion that elite sport generates mass sport,seems to be a social fact among many and influential members of the society. The issue is, however, under-researched, and the little research which actually exists does not confirm a causal link. In this article, we take as a point of departure the case of Norwegian biathlon, and its development, both as elite sport and mass sport, to nuance the picture. We are not guided by any particular theory, but believe in a thick description of the empirical case in order to understand it. Therefore a mixture of methods is applied: document analysis, statistics and interviews. The article shows how increased income from elite performance makes it possible for a sport federation to make strategies and prioritize incentives for recruitment of mass participants. At the same time, it is evident that the relationship between elite sport and mass sport is best understood as a complexity of figurations where economic, strategic and other aspects interplay. In sum, elite sport does not generate mass sport per se, but it may contribute indirectly. In the end, it is critically reminded that mass sport is not prioritized to elite sport; apparently, the former is ?prioritized? only when the latter is prioritized first.
Solberg, Harry Arne; Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Thøring, Thor Atle (2010). Doping in elite sport - do the fans care? Public opinion on the consequences of doping scandals. International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship. ISSN 1464-6668. 11(3), p. 185–199. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
There are indications that commercial stakeholders are reluctant to associate with sports involved in doping scandals. A survey of 925 Norwegian sports consumers supports this reluctance, showing no tolerance for pure doping substances. The majority were in favour of tough responses to athletes and sports involved in doping. Older respondents were more negative towards doping. Those who were strongly interested in sport were more willing than others to accept doping.
Solberg, Harry Arne; Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Steen-Johnsen, Kari (2009). The challenges of producing popular sports contests: a comparative study of biathlon and cross-country skiing. International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship. ISSN 1464-6668. 10(2), p. 171–189. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This article analyses how different configurations of stakeholders create opportunities for the production of popular TV sports contests. Based on qualitative methodologies, biathlon and cross-country skiing are used as contrasting cases. The paper concludes that the relative success of the International Biathlon Union is due to a favourable network position in relation to stakeholders. By comparison, the International Ski Federation suffers from a weak position within a dense stakeholder network.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Det olympiske maktspillet: Hvordan Tromsøs triumf ble snudd til nederlag. Nytt Norsk Tidsskrift (NNT). ISSN 0800-336X. 26(1), p. 15–27. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Gir topp bredde? In Johansen, Bjørn Tore; Høigaard, Rune & Fjeld, Jon Besse (Ed.), Nyere perspektiv innen idrett og idrettspedagogikk. Cappelen Damm Høyskoleforlaget. ISSN 9788276347920. p. 25–37. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Waddington, Ivan & Smith, Andrew (2009). The establishment of the World Anti-Doping Agency, An introduction to drugs in sport : addicted to winning? / Ivan Waddington, Andy Smith. Routledge. p. 179–199. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Skille, Eivind Å. & Thurston, Miranda (2009). Elite athletes' perspectives on providing whereabouts information : a survey of athletes in the Norwegian registered testing pool Das Meldesystem und die Anti-Doping-Bestimmungen aus der Sicht der Athleten : eine Befragung norwegischer Athleten. Sport und Gesellschaft : Zeitschrift für Sportsoziologie, Sportphilosophie, Sportökonomie, Sportgeschichte. ISSN 1610-3181. 6(1), p. 30–46. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This paper reports on the perspectives of elite athletes on anti-doping work in general and on the whe-reabouts system in particular, and uses a figurational perspective to explore the unintended conse-quences of the planned introduction of the whereabouts system. A cross-sectional survey of all the athletes in the Norwegian registered testing pool (n = 236, response rate = 80.8%) was carried out in 2006, using a stred questionnaire. Overall, 70.6% of the athletes agreed that doping was a problem in elite sport in general, but paradoxically only 17.5% agreed that doping was a problem in their own sport. However, more than four in ten (43%) of the athletes agreed that the whereabouts in-frainsystem made a contribution to a 'cleaner' sport. Some athletes thought the system was unfair. The whereabouts information system had, despite all good intentions, outcomes other than those planned and intended by the WADA. Thus, athletes' views might fruitfully be integrated with other perspectives when anti-doping work is developed further. Der Artikel beleuchtet die Perspektive der Athleten im Hinblick auf die Anti-Doping-Bestimmungen und das Meldesystem. Auf der Basis figurationssoziologischer Überlegungen werden die unbeabsichtigten Konsequenzen der geplanten Einführung des Meldesystems untersucht. Im norwegischen 'Registered Testing Pool' (n = 236, Rücklaufquote = 80,8%) wurde 200and eines strukturierten Fragebogens eine Querschnittsumfrage unter Athleten durchgeführt. Insgesamt 70,6% der Athleten stimmten zu, dass Doping ein generelles Problem im Spitzensport sei, aber nur 17,5% gaben an, dass Doping ein Problem in ihrem eigenen Sport sei. 43 % der Athleten stimmten zu, dass das Meldesystem einen Beitrag zu einem 'saubereren' Sport leiste. Ein wichtiges Resultat ist, dass das Meldesystem - trotz guter Absichten - zu anderen Ergebnissen führte als durch die WADA geplant und beabsichtigt. Es könnte deshalb sinnvoll sein, in der Weiterentwicklung von Anti-Doping-Maßnahmen die Perspektiven der Athleten mit zu berücksichtigen.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Loland, Sigmund (2009). Elite athletes' duty to provide information on their whereabouts: Justifiable anti-doping work or an indefensible surveillance regime? European Journal of Sport Science (EJSS). ISSN 1746-1391. 9(1), p. 3–10. doi: 10.1080/17461390802594219. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
In this article, we explain and reflect critically upon the athlete whereabouts reporting system in top-level sports initiated by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). This system makes it compulsory for athletes who are in a registered testing pool in their national and/or international federation to submit information about their whereabouts. In this way, athletes are required to be available for a no advance notice doping test throughout the year. If an athlete provides incorrect information or cannot be found when a no advance notice test is supposed to be taken (a missed test), he or she may be given a warning. In most sports and national anti-doping regulations, three such warnings within 18 months may be regarded as a violation of the doping regulations and may lead to exclusion from sport for between 3 months and 2 years. The system is controversial. In this article, we examine the key objections to the system and, more specifically, objections connected to ideas of justice and athletes' autonomy and right to self-determination. The argument will be a practical ethical one informed by a survey on attitudes towards the whereabouts system carried out among 236 athletes belonging to the registered testing pool in Norway. We conclude that if the basic principles of anti-doping work are accepted, WADA's whereabouts reporting system represents nothing other than an efficient extension of this work.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Loland, Sigmund (2009). Where on earth is Michael Rasmussen? : is an elite level athlete's duty to provide information on whereabouts justifiable anti-doping work or an indefensible surveillance regime? In Møller, Verner; McNamee, Mike & Dimeo, Paul (Ed.), Elite sport, doping and public health / edited by Verner Møller, Mike McNamee, Paul, Dimeo. Syddansk Universitetsforlag. ISSN 9788776744106. p. 167–177. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Loland, Sigmund (2009). Jagten på Michael Rasmussen : eliteatleter og deres afrapportering af whereabouts. In Christiansen, Ask Vest (Eds.), Kontrolsport : big brother blandt atleter og tilskuere. Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 21–34. Full text in Research Archive
Breivik, Gunnar; Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Loland, Sigmund (2009). Attitudes towards use of performance-enhancing substances and body modification techniques : a comparison between elite athletes and the general population. Sport in Society: Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics. ISSN 1743-0437. 12(6), p. 737–754. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Medical and technological developments open up new possibilities for modifying the body and enhancing performance in various areas of life. This study compares attitudes among Norwegian elite athletes (n = 234) with attitudes in the general population (n = 428). Whereas vitamins, nutritional supplements and hypoxic rooms were accepted by more than 65% of both athletes and population the rejection of EPO, anabolic steroids and amphetamines were similarly clear in both groups. The athletes were in general more reluctant to use performance enhancement means and body modification techniques than the general population. A significantly higher percentage of the population than the athletes accepted a) means to avoid memory failure in old age (61.6 versus 43.2, sig. 0.000), b) means to avoid decrease in physical fitness among old people (48.6 versus 34.7, sig. 0.005), c) liposuction (30.1 versus 12.4, sig. 0.000), d) surgery for obesity (15.3 versus 9.4, sig. 0.035), e) silicon implants (9.9 versus 5.1, sig. 0.001). The athletes were significantly more satisfied with their bodies than the population (sig. 0.000). Males were more positive about the use of performance enhancement means, whereas females were more positive about body modification techniques. Males were significantly more positive about the use of a) means that increase strength and endurance (sig. 0.002, and b) means that increase sexual performance (sig 0.000). Females were significantly more positive than males about the use of liposuction (sig. 0.000), plastic surgery on the face (sig. 0.013), surgery to combat obesity (sig. 0.000) and silicon implants (sig. 0.000).
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Waddington, Ivan (2009). Sport, health and drugs: a critical re-examination of some key issues and problems. Perspectives in Public Health. ISSN 1757-9139. 129(4), p. 174–182. doi: 10.1177/1466424008094806. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
One of the major justifications for the ban on the use of performance-enhancing drugs in sport has been that relating to the protection of the health of athletes. This paper subjects this argument to critical analysis by putting it in the context of the broader relationship between sport and health. More particularly, the paper seeks to unravel some of the complexities of this relationship by an examination of: (i) some aspects of sports sponsorship, particularly with alcohol and tobacco companies; (ii) the health risks associated with elite level sport; and (iii) the widespread and legal use within the sporting context of drugs that can have dangerous side effects. The paper concludes with an examination of some aspects of anti-doping policies within sport and it is suggested that a more imaginative approach to athlete education is needed to prevent the misuse of drugs.

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Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Hansen, Per Øystein (2024). Ledelse i idrett: Fra styrerom til treningsfelt. Fagbokforlaget. ISBN 9788245046663. 299 p. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2019). Organisasjon og lederskap i idretten. Fagbokforlaget. ISBN 9788245033182. 308 p. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2018). Kunnskap i bevegelse : Norges idrettshøgskole 50 år. Akilles forlag. ISBN 9788272862601. 369 p. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Lesjø, Jon Helge (2017). Ungdoms-OL på Lillehammer: Barneskirenn eller olympisk innovasjon? Akilles forlag. ISBN 9788272862564. 286 p. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Parent, Milena & Houlihan, Barrie (2014). The Youth Olympic Games. Routledge. ISBN 9780415839877. 270 p. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2014). Arrangementsledelse: initiativ, planlegging, gjennomføring og evaluering. Akilles forlag. ISBN 9788272862472. 199 p. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2012). Ski-VM 2011 : planlegging og gjennomføring. Akilles forlag. ISBN 9788272862328. 383 p. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Breivik, Gunnar; Sisjord, Mari Kristin & Skaset, Hans B. (2011). Norsk Idrett - Indre spenning og ytre press. Akilles forlag. ISBN 9788272862281. 539 p. Full text in Research Archive

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Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2024). "Vi må stille krav til at vi skal være profesjonelle, for vi er ikke et russestyre": idrettsstyret som mistet den verdimessige forankringen. In Næss, Hans Erik (Eds.), Idrettsledelse i praksis. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISSN 9788202820794. p. 93–108. Full text in Research Archive
Houlihan, Barrie; Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Loland, Sigmund & Waddington, Ivan (2019). The World Anti-Doping Agency at 20: Progress and challenges. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics. ISSN 1940-6940. 11(2), p. 193–201. doi: 10.1080/19406940.2019.1617765. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) was established in 1999 in an atmosphere that combined frustration with the lack of leadership on anti-doping provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and optimism that at long last clean athletes would have protection from corrupt sports organisations, athletes, coaches and medical staff. If the optimism outweighed the frustration it was short lived as it soon became clear that the tangle of competing interests (political, commercial, legal and organisational) that had stymied the development of a harmonised policy towards doping over the previous 20 years or so had not disappeared but was simply adapting to the characteristics of the anti-doping policy regime that had WADA at its heart.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Lesjø, Jon Helge (2017). Ungdoms-OL 2016: OL-ilden tilbake til Lillehammer. In Hanstad, Dag Vidar & Lesjø, Jon Helge (Ed.), Ungdoms-OL på Lillehammer: Barneskirenn eller olympisk innovasjon?. Akilles forlag. ISSN 9788272862564. Full text in Research Archive
Parent, Milena; Houlihan, Barrie & Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2014). Introduction. In Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Parent, Milena & Houlihan, Barrie (Ed.), The Youth Olympic Games. Routledge. ISSN 9780415839877. p. 18–18. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2012). Den viktigste arven fra ungdoms-OL i 2016. Idrettsanlegg. ISSN 0802-3026. 25(1), p. 48–49. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Skiskytterfarse gir tilbakeslag. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Skiskyting har svevd på en popularitetsbølge i mange år, men opplever nå kraftige tilbakeslag som sporten må komme seg ut av.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Verdidebatt i høydehuset. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Høydehusdebatten bør handle om hvilke verdier norsk toppidrett skal stå for. Det kan gi fortsatt forbud. Diskusjonen om høydehus har tatt seg opp igjen etter at Ole Einar Bjørndalen før jul foreslo å tillate bruken av høydehus. At dette er noe som engasjerer, kom tydelig frem i de påfølgende skriveriene i landets tre største aviser. På kommentarplass fikk skiskytteren støtte i Aftenposten, mens VG og Dagbladet ikke så noen grunn til å endre på vedtaket fra idrettstinget i 2003. Jeg skal ikke plage leseren med enda en argumentasjonsrekke for eller mot bruken av høydehus. I stedet er jeg mer opptatt av hva idrettspresident Tove Paule mener med at hun er villig til å diskutere tema. Hvilke fora skal hun plassere debatten i, og hvordan skal den angripes?
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Er Hedin bedre enn Pettersen? Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Robert Hedin skrytes opp i skyene etter den gode starten som trener for det norske herrelandslaget i håndball. Hittil har han ikke bevist noe som helst, så VM i Kroatia blir den store testen.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Trenger enda en bragd. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
VM i Kroatia kan bli tidenes opptur for norsk herrehåndball etter den sensasjonelle seieren over tittelforsvarer Tyskland i går. Nå trengs enda en bragd mot Polen i morgen. Og litt hjelp fra Danmark.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Bättre om personen än om dopningsjägaren. Idrottsforum.org - Nordic Sport Studies Forum. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
När vi i dessa spalter då och då i svepande ordalag beskriver idrottens moderna utveckling med termer som globalisering, kommersialisering, professionalisering, medialisering, så är det en oerhört viktig, kanske avgörande aspekt av dagens tävlingsidrott som inte fångas in ¿ dopningen, och med den antidopningsarbetet. Bruket av prestationshöjande medel inom idrotten fullkomligt exploderade från 1970-talet och framåt, vilket till dels svarade mot kraven som den allmänna utvecklingen ställde på enskilda atleter. Ungefär parallellt, men med viss eftersläpning, har den internationella idrottens organisationer utvecklat ett aktivt antidopningsarbete, främst manifesterat i WADA, World Anti-Doping Agency. En av de ledande personerna i kampen mot dopning, ja kanske den främste, är den svenske läkaren Arne Ljungqvist, som från toppositioner i WADA och den internationella olympiska kommittén lett det internationella antidopningsarbetet under det senaste kvartsseklet. På sin ålders höst har han utkommit med en memoarbok, Dopingjägaren Arne Ljungqvist (Ersatz), skriven av Göran Lager på basis av intervjuer med Ljungqvist gjorda av Lars Lundberg. Dag Vidar Hanstad, som forskar i dopningsfrågor vid NIH, och som har läst Ljungqvist-biografin för forumets räkning, tycker att de privata inslagen ger mer än de som handlar om dopning. Vår recensent menar dessutom att biografin bär spår av att Ljungqvist befunnit sig en bit ifrån skrivprocessen.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Krisen som endret IOC. p. 24–24. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Topputøvere vil ha høydehus. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Et stort flertall av toppidrettsutøverne mener høydehus bør tillates brukt i Norge. «Vanlige» nordmenn er enda mer positive til at eliten skal kunne benytte dette. METTE BUGGE Det kommer frem i en undersøkelse om holdninger, der 234 av Norges beste utøvere i en rekke idretter er enige om at bruken av høydehus kan aksepteres. - Overraskende høyt tall, sier professor Gunnar Breivik ved Norges idrettshøgskole. Han og kollegaene Dag Vidar Hanstad og Sigmund Loland står bak undersøkelsen, der målet var å kartlegge hva toppene mener om å benytte alt fra tran til kosttilskudd, høydehus, EPO, anabole steroider og amfetamin.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Høydehus er ikke dop. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Tiden er moden for en ny debatt om lovligheten av høydehus i Norge. Siden vedtaket på Idrettstinget i Stjørdal i 2003, har det vært forbudt for norske idrettsutøvere å benytte seg av denne muligheten.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). «Det er nokså kunnskapsløst å gi Russland stempelet som dopingnasjon». Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Da sosialdemokratiets eventminister gjemte seg i skjørtene til Tove Paule. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Når arrangøren har kalt seminarets idrettsdel ?Den upolitiske idrettspolitikken?, kan det nok være enkelte som stusser. Fra tid til annen kommer det Stortingsmeldinger om idrett ? den siste for ganske nøyaktig ti år siden ? som het ?idrettslivet i endring?. Der ble den statlige idrettspolitikken strukket opp År om annet er det også oppe et idrettspolitisk tema i Stortinget eller i en av komiteene. Samtidig er det slik at idretten slipper å være del av de politiske kampene i storting og regjering ettersom de statlige økonomiske overføringene til idrett går utenom statsbudsjettet og i stedet hentes fra overskuddet til Norsk Tipping. På den måten kan den defineres som upolitisk.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Editorial: WADA: Ten years ? ten challenges. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
In the first week of December a meeting attended by many celebrities marked the 10th anniversary of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in Stockholm, Sweden. Not surprisingly the representatives agreed that WADA has been a great success.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Internasjonal dopingbekjempelse i et figurationssosiologisk perspektiv. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Vi har langt på vei vunnet dopingkampen. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Eksplosjon i antidopingaktører Har analysert antidopingarbeidet: * Store penger i omløp * Rene utøvere reagerer mot systemet *Regelverket brukes ikke. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Aldri tidligere har det vært så mange aktører i anti-dopingarbeidet som i dag. Dopede utøvere har derfor fått det vanskeligere - uten at idretten er blitt ren
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Ten years after establishment of WADA: A study of interconnected processes in anti-doping policy. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Since the 1990s anti-doping activity has gone through comprehensive changes. Until then just a few units, such as the International Olympic Committee (IOC), some major international federations (IFs) and a small number of governments were involved. The scandal during the 1998 Tour de France has been described as a watershed (Houlihan, 2002) because it showed that (i) doping was out of control in a number of sports, (ii) the sport movement was not able to clean up its own house, and (iii) governments in the Western world decided actively to intervene. To meet the increasing criticism, IOC organized the World Conference on Doping in Sport in February 1999. One of the outcomes of the conference was the decision to establish an independent anti-doping organization, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), with the Olympic movement and governments as stakeholders. The aim of this paper is to analyze the many more or less interconnected processes in anti-doping policy that have been the consequences of the 1999 establishment of WADA. Figurational sociology will be utilized in the analysis. Norbert Elias introduces the concept of figuration as a way of overcoming the individual¿society dichotomy (Elias, 1978; 1994). Sociology should be concerned with viewing the social world as open pluralities of interdependent people ¿bonded together in dynamic constellations¿ (Murphy, Sheard & Waddington, 2000, p. 92).
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Stjernekamp om sommer-OL i 2016. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Disse byene kjemper om sommer-OL 2016: Madrid, Spania. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Chicago, USA. Tokyo, Japan. Avgjørelsen tas fredag. - USAs president Barack Obama og fru Michelle topper listen når tidenes stjernefelt møtes i København denne uken for å kjempe om sommer-OL i 2016. Tony Blair fikk 2012-OL til London etter en intens kamp med Paris, mens Vladimir Putin ble tungen på vektskålen da Sotsji vant kampen om vinter-OL i 2014.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Dagens meldepliktssystem kan rakne. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Hvis Vegard Høidalen vinner frem med sitt sivile søksmål mot Antidoping Norge kan det bety slutten for meldepliktssystemet slik vi kjenner det i dag.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). "Både Wada og IOC har været feje, fordi de ikke har brugt det olympiske charter til at slå ned på idrætsgrene og nationer, som mangler at implementerer kodekset". Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Regeringernes repræsentanter i det internationale antidopingagentur Wada var tidligere bidske vagthunde, men nu er de blevet tæmmet af den magtfulde olympiske bevægelse. Det mener norsk forsker, som i dag forsvarer sin ph.d.-afhandling om kampen mod doping.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Dopingdoktor frykter juks blant VM-sprinterne. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Dopingekspert Dag Vidar Hanstad frykter at flere av sprinterne i Berlin-VM har vært dopet tidligere.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Doktor antidoping. Full text in Research Archive
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Whereabouts information: How an athlete revealed the system's weakness. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Elite level athletes receive a warning when they fail to provide accurate whereabouts information or can not be found by the doping control officers at the reported meeting point. The system is not only challenging for the athletes but requires great accuracy by the responsible anti-doping organization. A Norwegian beach-volleyball player revealed serious weaknesses in procedures by Anti-Doping Norway, considered one of the best in the world, when he counter-attacked the system after he was suspended for four months for violation of the anti-doping regulations regarding whereabouts information. Høidalen was found not guilty in the Appeals Committee.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Ten years after establishment of WADA: Time to evaluate roles of the actors? Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Since the establishment of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in 1999 the number of actors involved in anti-doping activity has increased and the credibility of testing has improved. The aim of this paper is to (i) analyze how the different units have become increasingly interconnected, and (ii) present some suggestions to redistribute tasks between the actors. The role of international federations (IFs) will be emphasized.
Hanstad, Dag Vidar (2009). Anti-doping in sport : a study of policy development since 1998. Norges idrettshøgskole. ISSN 9788250204249. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The aim of this study is to analyze in a systematic and critical way the many more or less interconnected processes shaping anti-doping work at different levels since the doping scandal in the Tour de France cycle race in 1998. More specifically, this dissertation is an investigation of anti-doping policies in international sport with a particular emphasis on the power relations between units at different levels. The main research question is: How can the development of anti-doping policy since 1998 be understood? The main theoretical framework is figurational sociology. Norbert Elias introduces the concept of figuration as a way of overcoming the individual–society dichotomy. Sociology should be concerned with viewing the social world as open pluralities of interdependent people bonded together in dynamic constellations. Elias saw game models as a means of isolating in close focus the intertwining of the aims and actions of pluralities of people, thereby making these complex processes more easily understandable The study is comprised of four qualitative case studies. Because of the complexity of the development of anti-doping policy it was necessary to confine the study to some key units and the relationships between them. This was done by picking out one case study at each of the following levels; the global (paper I), international (paper II), national (paper III) and the individual athlete’s level (paper IV).

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Published Oct. 17, 2023 1:08 PM - Last modified Jan. 8, 2024 12:43 PM

Dag Vidar Hanstad

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