Web document
|
Part of a web document
- In the text: (Author, year)
(Harnack & Kleppinger, 2003)
- In the reference list: Author. (Year). Title of the part/chapter. In Title of the document in italics (chapter x). Retrieved date from URL
Harnack, A. & Kleppinger, E. (2003). Using Chicago style to cite and document sources. In Online!: A reference guide to using Internet sources (chapter 7). Retrieved the 25th of February 2005 from http://www.dinahacker.com/resdoc
|
Web document no longer available
Cite the source as a web document (see at the top of this page), and add [the document is no longer available] after the URL in the reference list. Avoid to use this kind of sources if possible.
|
Definition from a website
|
Wikipedia and web encyclopedias
- In the text: (Author, year)
(Psychology, n.d.) (Tjønneland, 2009)
- In the reference list: Author. (Year). In Title in italics. Retrieved date from URL
Psychology. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved the 28th of August 2013 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology
Tjønneland, E. (2009). Etikk. In Store Norske Leksikon. Retrieved the 28th of August 2013 from http://snl.no/etikk
|
Encyclopedia and dictionary
- In the text: (Author, year, p. x)
(Nandrolone, 2003, p. 1220) (Forkjørsvei, 1979, volume Er-F, p. 452) (Haugen, 1971, volume 4, p. 278-283)
- In the reference list: Author. (Year). In Title in italics (edition, p. x). Place of publication: Publisher.
Nandrolone. (2003). In Dorland’s illustrated medical dictionary (30th ed., p. 1220). Philadelphia: Saunders.
Forkjørsvei. (1979). In Aschehoug og Gyldendals store norske leksikon (Volume Er-F, p. 452). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget.
Haugen, K. (1971). Water polo. In The Sport encyclopedia (Volume 4, p. 278-283). London: Sage.
|
Video from YouTube
- In the text: (Name of the one who published the video, year)
(BadLipReading, 2013)
- In the reference list: Name of the one who published the video. (Year). Title of the video in italics [Video file]. Retrieved date from URL
BadLipReading. (2013). The NFL: a bad lip reading [Video file]. Retrieved the 17th of January 2013 from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zce-QT7MGSE
|
DVD
- In the text: (Author, year)
(Enoksen, 2003)
- In the reference list: Author. (Year). Title in italics [DVD]. Place of publication: Publisher.
Enoksen, E. (2003). Your personal trainer: More than 400 exercises [DVD]. Oslo: Norges idrettshøgskole.
|
Software
- In the text: (Software title (Version))
(Mat på data (5.0))
- In the reference list: Software title (Version) [Software]. Retrieved date from URL
Mat på data (5.0) [Software]. Retrieved the 22nd of August 2013 from http://matportalen.no/verktoy/mat_pa_data
|
Facebook-group
- In the text: refer to Facebook and the URL
According to APA Style's official page on Facebook (http://www.facebook.com/APAStyle)...
- In the reference lists: do not include it in
|
Twitter
- In the text: (Username, year)
(APA_Style, 2011)
- In the reference list: Username. (Year, date). Tweet [Twitter post]. Retrieved from URL
APA_Style. (2011, the 22nd of November). How to reference a YouTube video in #APAStyle: http://cot.ag/sRWQut #socialsciences #psychology #writing [Twitter post]. Retrieved from http://twitter.com/#!/APA_Style/status/139044476944531456
|
Blog post
- In the text: (Screen name/author, year)
(Lee, 2013)
- In the reference list: Screen name/author. (Year). Title of the blog post in italics. Retrieved date from URL
Lee, C. (2013). Alligators and academia: the importance of primary and secondary sources. Retrieved the 18th of January 2013 from http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2013/01/alligators-and-academia.html
|
Master’s thesis
- In the text: (Author, year)
(Major, 2013)
- In the reference list: Author. (Year). Title in italics. Master’s thesis from institution, place.
Major, D. H. (2013). Injury rate and injury pattern among elite World Cup snowboarders: A 6-year cohort study. Master’s thesis from the Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo.
|
PhD thesis
- In the text: (Author, year)
(Steen-Johnsen, 2004)
- In the reference list: Author. (Year). Title in italics. PhD thesis from institution, place.
Steen-Johnsen, K. (2004). Individualised communities: Keep-fit exercise organizations and the creation of social bonds. PhD thesis from the Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo.
|
Compendiums published by NIH
Compendiums (collection of articles and chapters) are published by the school for internal use only. When citing from a compendium, refer to the articles or chapters.
|
Reports and series
- In the text: Author, year
(Enjolras, 2003)
- In the reference list: Author, N. (Year). Title in italics (Name of the series number). Place of publication: Publisher.
Enjolras, B. (2003). Statlig idrettspolitikk i Norge og Frankrike (Rapport (Institutt for samfunnsforskning : print version) 2003:8). Oslo: Institutt for samfunnsforskning.
Enjolras, B. (2003). Statlig idrettspolitikk i Norge og Frankrike (Rapport (Institutt for samfunnsforskning : online version) 2003:8). Oslo: Institutt for samfunnsforskning. Retrieved the 28th of March 2018 from http://hdl.handle.net/11250/177567
|